Common Name: NIGHTSHADE FAMILY Habit: Annual to shrub. Leaf: generally simple, generally alternate, generally petioled; stipules 0; blade entire to deeply lobed. Inflorescence: various. Flower: bisexual; calyx lobes generally 5; corolla +- radial, cylindric to rotate, lobes generally 5; stamens 5, on corolla tube, alternate lobes; ovary superior, generally 2-chambered, style 1. Fruit: berry, loculicidal or septicidal capsule, [(drupe)], 2--5-chambered. Genera In Family: 75 genera, 3000 species: worldwide, especially +- tropics; many alien weeds in California; many cultivated for food, drugs, or ornamental (potato, tomato, peppers, tobacco, petunia). Toxicity: many TOXIC. Note:Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. is a waif. eFlora Treatment Author: Michael H. Nee Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Common Name: NIGHTSHADE Habit: Annual to shrub, vine or not, prickly or not, often glandular. Leaf: alternate to +- opposite, often unequal, entire to deeply pinnately lobed. Inflorescence: panicle or umbel-like, often 1-sided. Flower: calyx +- bell-shaped; corolla +- rotate, white to purple (yellow), lobes generally of different color toward base of midrib, generally without spots at base; anthers free, > filaments, oblong or tapered, opening by 2 pores or short slits near tip, in age often splitting to base; ovary 2-chambered, style 1, generally +- straight, stigma head-like. Fruit: berry, generally spheric, fleshy (or dry, capsule-like). Seed: many, compressed, generally reniform. Etymology: (Latin: quieting, from narcotic properties) Toxicity: many TOXIC. Note: Many cultivated for food (including potato, Solanum tuberosum), ornamental; Solanum dimidiatum in California an urban weed. See Lycopersicon for other taxa recently included here. Unabridged Reference: Nee, M. 1999. Synopsis of Solanum in the New World, pp. 285--333 in M. Nee, D.E. Symon, R.N. Lester & J.P. Jessop (eds.), Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Symon 1981 J Adelaide Bot Gard 4:1--367
Solanum triflorum Nutt.
NATURALIZED Habit: Annual 1--5 dm, decumbent; hairs +- curved or spreading, glandular or not. Leaf: 2--5 cm, oblong to ovate, deeply lobed. Inflorescence: umbel-like; flowers 2--3. Flower: calyx 2.5--3 mm, enlarged in fruit; corolla 7--9 mm wide, white, lobes >= tube; anthers +- 3 mm. Fruit: 8--12 mm, green. Seed: many, 2.5--3 mm, yellow. Chromosomes: n=12. Ecology: Dry scrub, juniper woodland; Elevation: 100--2300 m. Bioregional Distribution: n SNH, s SNH (e slope), SCo, GB, n DMoj; Distribution Outside California: to central United States; native to South America. Flowering Time: Jun--Sep Jepson eFlora Author: Michael H. Nee Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Solanum sisymbriifolium Next taxon: Solanum umbelliferum
Citation for this treatment: Michael H. Nee 2012, Solanum triflorum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=44916, accessed on October 08, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on October 08, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Solanum triflorum:
n SNH, s SNH (e slope), SCo, GB, n DMoj
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).