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Solanum umbelliferum


Higher Taxonomy
Family: SolanaceaeView DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: NIGHTSHADE FAMILY
Habit: Annual to shrub. Leaf: generally simple, generally alternate, generally petioled; stipules 0; blade entire to deeply lobed. Inflorescence: various. Flower: bisexual; calyx lobes generally 5; corolla +- radial, cylindric to rotate, lobes generally 5; stamens 5, on corolla tube, alternate lobes; ovary superior, generally 2-chambered, style 1. Fruit: berry, loculicidal or septicidal capsule, [(drupe)], 2--5-chambered.
Genera In Family: 75 genera, 3000 species: worldwide, especially +- tropics; many alien weeds in California; many cultivated for food, drugs, or ornamental (potato, tomato, peppers, tobacco, petunia). Toxicity: many TOXIC. Note: Nicandra physalodes (L.) Gaertn. is a waif.
eFlora Treatment Author: Michael H. Nee
Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Genus: SolanumView DescriptionDichotomous Key


Common Name: NIGHTSHADE
Habit: Annual to shrub, vine or not, prickly or not, often glandular. Leaf: alternate to +- opposite, often unequal, entire to deeply pinnately lobed. Inflorescence: panicle or umbel-like, often 1-sided. Flower: calyx +- bell-shaped; corolla +- rotate, white to purple (yellow), lobes generally of different color toward base of midrib, generally without spots at base; anthers free, > filaments, oblong or tapered, opening by 2 pores or short slits near tip, in age often splitting to base; ovary 2-chambered, style 1, generally +- straight, stigma head-like. Fruit: berry, generally spheric, fleshy (or dry, capsule-like). Seed: many, compressed, generally reniform.
Etymology: (Latin: quieting, from narcotic properties) Toxicity: many TOXIC. Note: Many cultivated for food (including potato, Solanum tuberosum), ornamental; Solanum dimidiatum in California an urban weed. See Lycopersicon for other taxa recently included here.
Unabridged Reference: Nee, M. 1999. Synopsis of Solanum in the New World, pp. 285--333 in M. Nee, D.E. Symon, R.N. Lester & J.P. Jessop (eds.), Solanaceae IV, Advances in Biology and Utilization, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Symon 1981 J Adelaide Bot Gard 4:1--367
Solanum umbelliferum Eschsch.
NATIVE
Habit: Perennial herb to subshrub, generally < 10 dm, much-branched; hairs generally dense, branched. Leaf: 1--4 cm, +- elliptic to (ob)ovate, generally entire. Inflorescence: +- umbel-like, forked or not; pedicels 12--15 mm, > peduncle. Flower: calyx 3--3.5 mm; corolla 16--25 mm wide, lavender to blue-purple, lobes < tube + throat, each with 2 +- green spots at base; anthers 3--5 mm. Fruit: 12--14 mm. Seed: +- 2 mm.
Ecology: Shrubland, mixed-evergreen forest, woodland; Elevation: < 1600 m. Bioregional Distribution: NW (uncommon), deltaic GV, CW, SW; Distribution Outside California: Arizona, Baja California. Flowering Time: All year Note: May hybridize with Solanum parishii, Solanum xanti; needs study.
Synonyms: Solanum umbelliferum var. glabrescens Torr.; Solanum umbelliferum var. incanum Torr.
Jepson eFlora Author: Michael H. Nee
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

Previous taxon: Solanum triflorum
Next taxon: Solanum wallacei

Botanical illustration including Solanum umbelliferumbotanical illustration including Solanum umbelliferum


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Citation for this treatment: Michael H. Nee 2012, Solanum umbelliferum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=44919, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Solanum umbelliferum
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©2009 Keir Morse
Solanum umbelliferum
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©2020 Keir Morse
Solanum umbelliferum
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©2017 Neal Kramer
Solanum umbelliferum
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©2010 Barry Breckling
Solanum umbelliferum
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©2020 Keir Morse

More photos of Solanum umbelliferum
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Geographic subdivisions for Solanum umbelliferum:
NW (uncommon), deltaic GV, CW, SW
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).