Common Name: FALSE-HELLEBORE FAMILY Habit: Perennial herb, from rhizome or bulb, or rhizomes ending in weakly developed bulbs, scapose or not. Leaf: alternate, whorled, or mostly basal and spirally arranged, deciduous after 1 year or not. Inflorescence: raceme, panicle, or flowers 1. Flower: perianth parts 6, in 2 petal-like whorls or of sepals and petals, free or fused below, +- spreading; stamens 6, from perianth, anthers attached at base or near middle; ovary superior or partly inferior, chambers 3, styles 3, persistent. Fruit: capsule, loculicidal or septicidal. Genera In Family: 10 genera, 130 species: northern hemisphere. Note: W North America Zigadenus moved to Toxicoscordion. eFlora Treatment Author: Dale W. McNeal, except as noted Scientific Editor: Dale W. McNeal, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Stem: +- scapose, simple or branched. Leaf: mostly basal, grass-like; cauline 1--2, much reduced; deciduous after 1 year. Flower: nodding, unisexual or not; perianth parts free or +- fused at base, glands 0; filaments wider at base, anthers attached near middle, 1-chambered; ovary partly inferior (at base), ovoid. Fruit: septicidal. Seed: oblong, coat loose, winged at both ends. Etymology: (Greek: narrow flower) Reference: Zomlefer et al. 2006 Aliso 22:566--578 Unabridged Reference: Zomlefer, W. B., et al. 2006. A synopsis of Melanthiaceae with focus on character evolution in tribe Melanthieae. Aliso 22:566--578
Stenanthium occidentale A. Gray
NATIVE Habit: Bulb 2--4 cm. Stem: 20--50 cm. Leaf: 10--30 cm, 3--15 mm wide. Inflorescence: raceme or panicle, 10--20 cm; bracts lance-linear, scarious; pedicels 5--30 mm, ascending. Flower: 1--2 cm, bell-shaped; perianth parts lance-oblong, pale green-yellow to +- purple, especially near margins or not, tips recurved. Fruit: 15--20 mm (including persistent styles). Seed: +- 3 mm. Chromosomes: n=8. Ecology: Moist banks, thickets, meadows; Elevation: 1500--1900 m. Bioregional Distribution: KR; Distribution Outside California: to western Canada, Montana. Flowering Time: Late May--Jul Jepson eFlora Author: Dale W. McNeal Reference: Zomlefer et al. 2006 Aliso 22:566--578 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Stenanthium Next taxon: Toxicoscordion
Botanical illustration including Stenanthium occidentale
Citation for this treatment: Dale W. McNeal 2012, Stenanthium occidentale, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=45534, accessed on April 26, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 26, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
