Jepson Herbarium
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Indexes to all accepted names and synonyms: | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |

Annual, perennial herb, shrub, often armed; caudex present or not.
Stem: branched; nodes often angled, swollen.
Leaf: 1- compound, opposite, petioled; stipules persistent or not; leaflets entire.
Inflorescence: flowers 1–2 in axils.
Flower: bisexual; sepals 5, free, persistent or not; petals 5, free, generally spreading, twisted ( corolla propeller-like) or not; stamens 10, appendaged on inside base or not; ovary superior, chambers (and lobes) 5–10, each with 1–several ovules, placentas axile.
Fruit: capsule or splitting into 5–10 nutlets (= mericarps).
27 genera, ± 250 species: widespread especially in warm, dry regions; some cultivated (Guaiacum, lignum vitae; Tribulus, caltrop). [Sheahan & Chase 2000 Syst Bot 25:371–384] —Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.

Key to Zygophyllaceae

Perennial, shrub.
Stem: < 1 m, spreading, angled or ridged.
Leaf: palmately compound; stipules stiff, spine-tipped; leaflets 3, spine-tipped, terminal largest.
Inflorescence: flowers 1 in axils.
Flower: sepals deciduous; petals clawed, twisted, purple to pink, deciduous.
Fruit: capsule, deeply 5-lobed, obovoid, loculicidal; style persistent; pedicel reflexed.
Seed: 1 per chamber.
35 species: sw North America, sw South America, Canary I. to India, sw Africa. (Guy-Crescent Fagon, French botanist, chemist, physician to Louis XIV, 1638–1718) [Beier 2005 Syst Biodivers 3:221–263]
Unabridged species in genus: [35 species: sw North America, sw South America, Canary I. and Cape Verde I. to Afghanistan and India, sw Africa.]

Shrub < 1 m, intricately branched.
Leaf: leaflets 3–9 mm, generally < petiole, 1–4 mm wide.
Flower: ± 1 cm wide.
Fruit: 4–5 mm wide, minutely strigose or hairy, rarely glandular or glabrous; style 1–2 mm, wider at base.
Rocky hillsides, sandy washes; < 1200 m. Desert;

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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) [year] Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/IJM.html [accessed on month, day, year]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on [month, day, year].

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Bioregions in which taxon occurs	Red area (if present) is the part of the bioregion lying between the upper and lower elevation limits of the taxon; markers link to CCH specimen records. If the markers are obscured, reload the page [or change window size and reload]. Yellow markers indicate records that may have georeferencing or identification issues.
Chart based on elevation range in Manual and elevations and coordinates of CCH records. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. Note: About half of the CCH records include both elevation and coordinates.	Map made in collaboration with Scott Loarie. Data provided by the participants of the Consortium of California Herbaria. View all CCH records   CCH collections by month Duplicates counted once; synonyms included. Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa. Blue line denotes Manual flowering time.