A Checklist of the Benthic Marine Algae Known to Puerto Rico, Second Revision
I. Rhodophyta

David L. Ballantine and Nilda E. Aponte

Underlined names are links to images;
underlined numbers are links to notes


Rhodophyta
Rhodophyceae
Bangiophycidae
Porphyridiales
Porphyridiaceae

Chroodactylon ornatum (C.Agardh) Basson
    [Asterocytis ramosa (1)]
Stylonema alsidii (Zanardini) K.M.Drew
    [Goniotrichum alsidii (1)]
Phragmonemataceae

Bangiopsis subsimplex (Mont.) F.Schmitz


Erythropeltidales
Erythrotrichiaceae

Erythrocladia endophloea M.Howe (2)
Erythrotrichia carnea (Dillwyn) J.Agardh
Sahlingia subintegra (Rosenv.) Kornmann
    [Erythrocladia subintegra (1)]



Florideophycidae
Acrochaetiales
Acrochaetiaceae

Acrochaetium flexuosum Vickers
A. hypneae Børgesen
    [A. seriatum (1)]
A. liagorae Børgesen
    [Kylinia liagorae (1)]
A. ophioglossum (C.W.Schneid.) D.L.Ballant. & Aponte (3)
A. sancti-thomae Børgesen

Nemaliales
Galaxauraceae

Galaxaura comans Kjellm.
G. marginata (J.Ellis & Sol.) J.V.Lamour.
G. obtusata (J.Ellis & Sol.) J.V.Lamour.
G. rugosa (J.Ellis & Sol.) J.V.Lamour. (4)
G. subverticillata Kjellm. (5)
Scinaia complanata (Collins) Cotton
Tricleocarpa cylindrica (J.Ellis & Sol.) Huisman & Borow. (6)
    [Galaxaura cylindrica (1)]
T. fragilis (L.) Huisman & R.A.Towns. (7)
    [Galaxaura oblongata (1)]

Liagoraceae

Ganonema farinosum (J.V.Lamour.) K.C.Fan & Yung C.Wang
    [Liagora farinosa (1)]
G. dendroideum (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) D.L.Ballant. & Aponte (8)
    [Liagora mucosa (1)]
Helminthocladia calvadosii (J.V.Lamour. ex Duby) Setch.
Liagora ceranoides J.V.Lamour.
L. megagyna Børgesen
L. orientalis J.Agardh (9)
L. pinnata Harv.
L. valida Harv. (10)
Liagoropsis schrammii (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Doty & I.A.Abbott
Trichogloea requienii (Mont.) Kütz.
Trichogloeopsis pedicellata (M.Howe) I.A.Abbott & Doty (11)
    [Liagora pedicellata]
Gelidiales
Gelidiaceae

Gelidium americanum (W.R.Taylor) Santel.
    [Pterocladia americana (1)]
G. crinale (Turner) Gaillon
G. floridanum W.R.Taylor
G. pusillum (Stackh.) Le Jolis
G. spinosum (S.G.Gmel.) P.C.Silva (12)
    [G. corneum (1)]
Pterocladia bartlettii W.R.Taylor
Pterocladiella capillacea (S.G.Gmel.) Santel. & Hommers. (13)
    [Pterocladia pinnata (1)]

Gelidiellaceae

Gelidiella acerosa (Forssk.) Feldmann & Hamel
G. pannosa (Feldmann) Feldmann & Hamel (14)

Gracilariales (15)
Gracilariaceae

Gracilaria blodgettii Harv. (16)
G. bursa-pastoris (S.G.Gmel.) P.C.Silva
    [G. compressa (1)]
G. caudata J.Agardh (17)
    [G. verrucosa (1)]
G. cervicornis (Turner) J.Agardh (18)
G. cuneata Aresch.
G. curtissiae J.Agardh
G. damaecornis J.Agardh
G. domingensis (Kütz.) Sond. ex Dickie
G. krugiana Hauck (19)
G. lacinulata (H.West) M.Howe (20)
    [G. foliifera (1)]
G. mammillaris (Mont.) M.Howe
G. tikvahiae McLachlan
    [G. foliifera v. angustissima (1)]
Gracilariopsis tenuifrons (C.J.Bird & E.C.Oliveira) Fredericq & Hommers. (21)
    [Gracilaria sjoestedtii (1)]
Hydropuntia cornea (J Agardh) M.J.Wynne (22)
    [Gracilaria debilis (1)]
H. crassissima (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) M.J.Wynne (23)
    [Gracilaria crassissima (1)]
Bonnemaisoniales
Bonnemaisoniaceae

Asparagopsis taxiformis (Delile) Trevis. (24)
Hildenbrandiales
Hildenbrandiaceae

Hildenbrandia rubra (Sommerf.) Menegh.
    [H. prototypus (1)]
Rhodogorgonales
Rhodogorgonaceae

Rhodogorgon ramosissima J.N.Norris & Bucher (25)
Corallinales
Corallinaceae

Amphiroa beauvoisii J.V.Lamour.
A. fragilissima (L.) J.V.Lamour.
A. hancockii W.R.Taylor
A. rigida J.V.Lamour. var. antillana Børgesen
A. tribulus (J.Ellis & Sol.) J.V.Lamour.
Corallina panizzoi Schnetter & U.Richt. (26)
    [C. officinalis (1)]
Goniolithon decutescens (Heydr.) Foslie (27)
Haliptilon cubense (Mont. ex Kütz.) Garbary & H.W.Johansen
    [Corallina cubensis (1)]
H. subulatum (J.Ellis & Sol.) H.W.Johans.
    [Corallina subulata (1)]
Hydrolithon farinosum (J.V.Lamour.) Penrose & Y.M.Chamb.
    [Fosliella farinosa (1)]
H. munitum (Foslie & M.Howe) Penrose (28)
    [Lithophyllum munitum (1)]
Jania adhaerens J.V.Lamour.
    [J. adherens (1)]
J. capillacea Harv. (29)
J. pumila J.V.Lamour.
J. rubens (L.) J.V.Lamour.
Lithophyllum congestum (Foslie) Foslie (30)
    [Lithophyllum daedaleum (1)]
L. intermedium Foslie
L. prototypum (Foslie) Foslie
Melobesia membranacea (Esper) J.V.Lamour.
Mesophyllum aemulans (Foslie & M.Howe) W.H.Adey
    [Lithothamnium aemulans (1)]
Neogoniolithon accretum (Foslie & M.Howe) Setch. & L.R.Mason
    [Goniolithon accretum (1)]
N. acropetum (Foslie & M.Howe) W.H.Adey
    [Goniolithon acropetum (1)]
N. affine (Foslie & M.Howe) Setch. & L.R.Mason
    [Goniolithon affine (1)]
N. caribaeum (Foslie) W.H.Adey
    [Lithophyllum caribaeum (1)]
N. solubile (Foslie & M.Howe) Setch. & L.R.Mason (31)
    [Goniolithon solubile (1)]
N. spectabile (Foslie) Setch. & L.R.Mason (27)
    [Goniolithon spectabile (1)]
N. strictum (Foslie) Setch. & L.R.Mason
    [Goniolithon strictum (1)]
Pneophyllum fragile Kütz. (32)
    [Fosliella lejolisii (1)]
Porolithon antillarum (Foslie & M.Howe) Foslie
P. pachydermum (Foslie) Foslie
Titanoderma pustulatum (J.V.Lamour.) Foslie (33)
Sporolithaceae

Sporolithon dimotum (Foslie & M.Howe) Yam.-Tomita ex M.J.Wynne
    [Archaeolithothamnium dimotum (1)]
Gigartinales
Caulacanthaceae

Catenella caespitosa (With.) L.M.Irvine
    [C. repens (1)]
Dumontiaceae

Acrosymphyton caribaeum (J.Agardh) G.Sjöstedt (34)
Dudresnaya crassa M.Howe
D. puertoricensis Searles & D.L.Ballant. (35)
Hypneaceae

Hypnea musciformis (Wulfen) J.V.Lamour. (36)
H. spinella (C.Agardh) Kütz.
H. valentiae (Turner) Mont.
    [H. cornuta (1)]
H. volubilis Searles (37)
Kallymeniaceae

Kallymenia westii Ganesan
    [K. perforata (1)]
Nemastomataceae

Predaea feldmannii Børgesen (2)
P. goffiana D.L.Ballant., H.Ruiz & Aponte (38)
P. weldii Kraft & I.A.Abbott (37)
Peyssonneliaceae

Cruoriella armorica P.Crouan & H.Crouan (39)
    [Peyssonnelia armorica (1)]
Peyssonnelia conchicola Picc. & Grunow
P. rosenvingii F.Schmitz
P. rubra (Grev.) J.Agardh (40)
Phyllophoraceae

Gymnogongrus tenuis (J.Agardh) J.Agardh
Rhizophyllidaceae

Ochtodes secundiramea (Mont.) M.Howe
Schizymeniaceae

Titanophora cfr. incrustans (J.Agardh) Børgesen (37)
Solieriaceae

Agardhiella ramosissima (Harv.) Kylin
A. subulata (C. Agardh) Kraft & M.J.Wynne
    [A. tenera (1, in part)]
Eucheuma isiforme (C.Agardh) J.Agardh
Flahaultia tegetiformans W.R.Taylor (37)
Meristiella echinocarpum (Aresch.) D.P.Cheney & P.W.Gabrielson (41)
    [Eucheuma echinocarpum (1)]
M. gelidium (J. Agardh) D.P.Cheney & P.W.Gabrielson
    [Eucheuma gelidium (1)]
M. schrammii (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) D.P.Cheney & P.W.Gabrielson (41)
    [Eucheuma schrammii (1)]
Solieria filiformis (Kütz.) P.W.Gabrielson
    [Agardhiella tenera (1, in part)]
Wurdemanniaceae

Wurdemannia miniata (Spreng.) Feldmann & Hamel (42)
Cryptonemiales (43)
Halymeniaceae

Cryptonemia bengryi W.R.Taylor
C. crenulata (J.Agardh) J.Agardh
C. seminervis (C.Agardh) J.Agardh (44)
    [C. luxurians (1)]
Grateloupia cuneifolia J.Agardh (45)
G. dichotoma J.Agardh
G. filicina (J.V.Lamour.) C.Agardh
G. gibbesii Harv. (45)
Halymenia duchassaingii (J.Agardh) Kylin (25)
H. elongata C.Agardh (46)
    [H. agardhii (1, in part)]
H. floresia (Clemente) C.Agardh
H. floridana J.Agardh (47)
H. gelinaria Collins & M.Howe
H. hancockii W.R.Taylor
H. pseudofloresia Collins & M.Howe (2)

Sebdeniaceae

Sebdenia flabellata (J.Agardh) P.G.Parkinson. (48)
    [Halymenia agardhii (1, in part)]
Rhodymeniales
Champiaceae

Champia parvula (C. Agardh) Harv.
C. salicornioides Harv.
C. vieillardii Kütz. (49)
Champiocolax sarae Bula-Meyer (34)
Faucheaceae

Gloiocladia atlantica (Searles) R.E.Norris (50)
Lomentariaceae

Gelidiopsis planicaulis (W.R.Taylor) W.R.Taylor (51)
Lomentaria baileyana (Harv.) Farl.
L. rawitscheri A.B.Joly (25)
Rhodymeniaceae

Asteromenia peltata (W.R.Taylor) Huisman & A.Millar (52)
    [Fauchea peltata (1)]
Botryocladia occidentalis (Børgesen) Kylin
B. pyriformis (Børgesen) Kylin
B. shanksii E.Y.Dawson
B. spinulifera W.R.Taylor & I.A.Abbott
B. wynnei D.L.Ballant. (53)
Chrysymenia agardhii Harv.
    [Cryptarachne agardhii (1)]
C. enteromorpha Harv.
C. halymenioides Harv.
C. nodulosa J.N.Norris & D.L.Ballant. (54)
C. planifrons (Melvill) J.Agardh
    [Cryptarachne planifrons (1)]
Coelarthrum cliftonii (Harv.) Kylin (55)
    [C. albertisii (1)]
Coelothrix irregularis (Harv.) Børgesen
Rhodymenia divaricata E.Y.Dawson (37)
Ceramiales
Ceramiaceae

Acrothamnion butlerae (Collins) Kylin
    [Antithamnion butleriae (1)]
Aglaothamnion boergesenii (Aponte & D.L.Ballant.) L'Hardy-Halos & Rueness ex Aponte, D.L.Ballant. & J.N.Norris (56)
[Callithamnion byssoides (1)]
A. cordatum (Børgesen) Feldm.-Maz.
    [Callithamnion cordatum (1)]
A. flexibile Aponte & D.L.Ballant. (57)
A. herveyi (M.Howe) Aponte, D.L.Ballant. & J.N.Norris (58)
    [Callithamnion herveyi (1)]
Anotrichium tenue (C.Agardh) Nägeli
    [Griffithsia tenuis (1)]
Antithamnion decipiens (J.Agardh) Athanas. (59)
A. lherminieri (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Bornet ex Nasr (60)
    [A. antillarum (1)]
Antithamnionella breviramosa (E.Y.Dawson) E.M.Woll. (61)
Balliella pseudocorticata (E.Y.Dawson) D.N.Young (2)
Centroceras clavulatum (C. Agardh) Mont.
C. internitens Gallagher & Humm
Ceramium bisporum D.L.Ballant. (62)
C. cimbricum H.E. Petersen (63)
    [C. fastigiatum f. flaccida (1)]
C. cruciatum Collins & Herv.
C. deslongchampii Chauv. ex Duby (64)
    [C. strictum (1)]
C. diaphanum (Lightf.) Roth (12)
    [C. tenuissimum (1)]
C. flaccidum (Kütz.) Ardiss.
    [C. byssoideum (1)]
C. jolyi (Díaz-Pif.) D.L.Ballant & M.J.Wynne (65)
C. nitens (C.Agardh) J.Agardh
C. subtile J.Agardh
Corallophila verongiae (D.L.Ballant. & M.J.Wynne) R.E.Norris (66)
Crouania attenuata (C.Agardh) J.Agardh
C. pleonospora W.R.Taylor (2)
Crouanophycus latiaxis (I.A.Abbott) Athanasiadis (25)
Diplothamnion jolyi C.Hoek (2)
Dohrniella antillarum (W.R.Taylor) Feldm.-Maz.
Grallatoria reptans M.Howe (67)
Griffithsia caribaea Feldm.-Maz. (2)
G. globulifera Harv. ex Kütz.
G. heteromorpha Kütz. (68)
G. schousboei Mont. (68)
Gymnothamnion elegans (Shousb. ex C.Agardh) J.Agardh
Haloplegma duperreyi Mont.
Monosporus indicus Børgesen (37)
Pleonosporium caribaeum (Børgesen) R.E.Norris
    [Mesothamnion caribaeum (1)]
Ptilothamnion speluncarum (Collins & Herv.) D.L.Ballant & M.J.Wynne (69)
Seirospora occidentalis Børgesen
S. viridis Aponte & D.L.Ballant. (57)
Spermothamnion gymnocarpum M.Howe
S. investiens (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Vickers
S. macromeres Collins & Herv.
Spyridia clavata Kütz.
S. filamentosa (Wulfen) Harv.
S. hypnoides (Bory) Papenf.
    [S. aculeata (1)]
Tiffaniella gorgonea (Mont.) Doty & Meñez
    [Spermothamnion gorgoneum (1)]
T. saccorhiza (Setch. & N.L.Gardner) Doty & Meñez
Wrangelia argus (Mont.) Mont.
W. bicuspidata Børgesen
W. penicillata (C.Agardh) C.Agardh
Dasyaceae

Dasya antillarum (M.Howe) A.Millar (70)
    [Dasyopsis antillarum (1)]
D. baillouviana (S.G.Gmelin) Mont.
    [D. pedicillata (1)]
D. caraibica Børgesen
D. corymbifera J.Agardh
D. crouaniana J.Agardh
D. magnei D.L. Ballant. (71)
D. mollis Harv.
D. puertoricensis I.López & D.L.Ballant. (72)
D. rigidula (Kütz.) Ardiss. (73)
D. spinuligera Collins & Herv.
    [Dasyopsis spinuligera (1)]
Dictyurus occidentalis J.Agardh
Heterosiphonia crispella (C.Agardh) M.J.Wynne
    [H. wurdemanni (1)]
H. gibbesii (Harv.) Falkenb.
H. hummii Aregood (37)
Thuretia bornetii Vickers
Delesseriaceae

Apoglossum gregarium (E.Y.Dawson) M.J.Wynne (74)
Branchioglossum prostratum C.W.Schneid. (75)
Caloglossa leprieurii (Mont.) G.Martens
Cottoniella filamentosa (M.Howe) Børgesen
Frikkiella pseudoprostrata (D.L.Ballant. & M.J.Wynne) M.J.Wynne & C.W.Schneid. (76)
F. searlesii M.J.Wynne & C.W.Schneid. (76)
Hypoglossum anomalum M.J.Wynne & D.L.Ballant. (77)
H. hypoglossoides (Stackh.) Collins & Herv. (77)
H. rhizophorum D.L.Ballant. & M.J.Wynne (78)
H. simulans M.J.Wynne, I.R.Price & D.L.Ballant. (79)
H. subsimplex M.J.Wynne (25)
H. tenuifolium (Harv.) J.Agardh
Martensia fragilis Harv. (80)
    [M. pavonia (1)]
Nitophyllum adhaerens M.J.Wynne (81)
Platysiphonia caribaea D.L.Ballant. & M.J.Wynne (74)
P. delicata (Clemente) Cremades (82)
Taenioma nanum (Kütz.) Papenf.
    [T. macrourum (1)]
T. perpusillum (J.Agardh) J.Agardh
Rhodomelaceae

Acanthophora muscoides (L.) Bory
A. spicifera (Vahl) Børgesen
Amansia multifida J.V.Lamour.
Bostrychia moritziana (Sond. ex Kütz.) J.Agardh
B. radicans (Mont.) Mont.
    [B. rivularis (1)]
B. tenella (J.V.Lamour.) J.Agardh (83)
Bryocladia cuspidata (J.Agardh) DeToni
B. thyrsigera (J.Agardh) F.Schmitz
Bryothamnion seaforthii (Turner) Kütz.
B. triquetrum (S.G.Gmelin) M.Howe
Chondria atropurpurea Harv.
C. capillaris (Huds.) M.J.Wynne (84)
    [C. tenuissima (1)]
C. collinsiana M.Howe
C. dasyphylla (Woodw.) C.Agardh
C. floridana (Collins) M.Howe
C. leptacremon (Melvill) De Toni
C. littoralis Harv.
C. polyrhiza Collins & Herv.
C. sedifolia Harv.
Chondrophycus corallopsis (Mont.) K.W.Nam (85)
    [Laurencia corallopsis (1)
C. gemmifera (Harv.) Garbary & J.T.Harper (86)
C. iridescens (M.J.Wynne & D.L.Ballant.) Garbary & J.T.Harper (87)
C. papillosus (C.Agardh) Garbary & J.T.Harper (88)
    [Laurencia papillosa (1)]
C. poiteaui (J.V.Lamour.) K.W.Nam (85)
    [Laurencia poitei (1)]
Digenia simplex (Wulfen) C. Agardh
Dipterosiphonia dendritica (C.Agardh) F.Schmitz
Enantiocladia duperreyi (C.Agardh) Falkenb.
Halydictyon mirabile Zanardini (89)
    [Halodictyon mirabile (1)]
Herposiphonia pecten-veneris (Harv.) Falkenb. (25)
H. secunda (C.Agardh) Ambronn (90)
Laurencia brongniartii J.Agardh (34)
L. caraibica P.C.Silva (34)
L. chondrioides Børgesen
L. intricata J.V.Lamour.
L. microcladia Kütz.
L. obtusa (Huds.) J.V.Lamour.
L. papillosa (C.Agardh) Grev.
Lophocladia trichoclados (C.Agardh) F.Schmitz
Lophosiphonia cristata Falkenb.
Micropeuce mucronata (Harv.) Kylin ex E.C.Oliveira
    [Brongniartella mucronata (1)]
Murrayella periclados (C. Agardh) F.Schmitz
Neosiphonia sphaerocarpa (Børgesen) M.S.Kim & I.K.Lee (91)
    [Polysiphonia sphaerocarpa (1)]
Osmundaria obtusiloba (C.Agardh) R.E.Norris (92)
    [Vidalia obtusiloba (1)]
Polysiphonia atlantica Kapraun & J.N.Norris
    [P. macrocarpa (1)]
P. denudata (Dillwyn) Grev. ex Harv.
P. ferulacea Suhr ex J.Agardh
P. havanensis Mont.
P. howei Hollenb.
P. scopulorum Harv.
P. subtilissima Mont.
P. tepida Hollenb.
Wrightiella blodgettii (Harv.) F.Schmitz (25)
W. tumanowiczi (Gatty ex Harv.) F.Schmitz (25)
Other Rhodophyta

Hymenoclonium serpens (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Batters (34)


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