TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual, generally grayish, cobwebby to tomentose
Stems 1several from base, ± spreading to ascending, ± forked, generally ± evenly leafy below, ± leafless between upper forks
Leaves simple, alternate, ± sessile, generally elliptic to oblanceolate, entire
Inflorescence: heads disciform, ± sessile in groups of 210; bracts like leaves; phyllaries 0 or vestigial (or 14 reduced, unequal scales); receptacle (2.8)48 X > wide, ± cylindric to club-shaped; chaff scales subtending pistillate flowers phyllary-like, each generally enclosing a flower (or outermost open), falling with a fruit, generally woolly, ± scarious-winged, wing generally elliptic to obovate, base generally acute; chaff scales subtending disk flowers reduced, open or folded, glabrous to cobwebby, scarious
Pistillate flowers in 3several series; corollas tubular
Disk flowers 26, staminate; ovary vestigial
Fruit obovoid, smooth, shiny; style ± at tip; pappus 0; disk pappus generally of 112 bristles
Species in genus: 7 species: sw North America
Etymology: (Greek: column bed, from long receptacle)
Reference: [Morefield 1992 Madroño 39:114130]
Close to Filago subg. Oglifa, especially F. depressa. See also Ancistrocarphus, Micropus.
Native |
Stems < 13 cm
Leaves < 14 mm, generally obtuse; uppermost < 13 mm, ± elliptic to obovate
Inflorescence: heads 45.5 mm, 3.55 mm wide, ± spheric; phyllaries 24, 1.52.5 mm, elliptic to obovate, scarious throughout, ± persistent; receptacle ± club-like, length 46 X width; longest chaff scale 2.53.5 mm, body (except midvein) membranous, winged throughout, wing widest near middle, base acute; outermost chaff scales ± closed, woolly
Disk flowers 1.22.1 mm
Fruit 0.81 mm, compressed side-to-side; disk ovary 0.20.6 mm, pappus bristles generally 612, 1.51.7 mm
Ecology: Flats, clay soils in oil-producing areas
Elevation: 50400 m.
Bioregional distribution: s San Joaquin Valley (Kern Co.), s South Coast (San Diego Co.).Some features suggest S. gnaphaloides X Filago californica; collections generally mixed with 1 or both.