TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Perennial from woody caudex or rhizome, branched above
Leaves alternate, resinous, often sessile
Inflorescence: heads radiate, fewmany, in ± flat-topped to panicle-like, often ± 1-sided clusters; involucre cylindric to bell-shaped (wider when dry); phyllaries in 35 graduated, overlapping series, midrib generally ± swollen, translucent
Ray flowers fewmany; ligules yellow
Disk flowers fewmany; corollas yellow, generally glabrous; style branches finely papillate, appendage triangular
Fruit obconic, compressed; pappus of 2545 long-barbed bristles in 1 series
Species in genus: ± 150 species: especially North America (South America, Eurasia)
Etymology: (Greek: make-well, from purported medicinal value)
Reference: [Semple et al. 1990 Can J Bot 68:20702082]
Native |
Plant ± glabrous (except inflorescence)
Stems 15 dm, decumbent to erect, from short, woody caudex
Leaves glabrous, generally resinous-sticky; lower largest, 510 cm, spoon-shaped, crenate, obtuse; upper reduced, entire, acute
Inflorescence wand- to club-like, strigose; heads fewmany; involucre 47 mm; phyllaries very resinous-sticky, outer ovate, inner narrowly lanceolate
Ray flowers 410; ligules 2.34 mm
Disk flowers 1018; corollas 4.36 mm
Fruit 23 mm, strigose
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Dunes, headlands
Elevation: < 100 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast, Central Coast
Horticultural information: IRR, DRN, SUN: 5, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.