TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, generally from rhizomes
Stem round or flat
Leaves generally mostly basal; sheath margins fused, or overlapping and generally with 2 ear-like extensions at blade junction; blade round, flat, or vestigial, glabrous or margin hairy
Inflorescence: head-like clusters or single flowers, variously arranged; bracts subtending inflorescence 2, generally leaf-like; bracts subtending inflorescence branches 12, reduced; bractlets subtending flowers generally 12, generally translucent
Flower generally bisexual, radial; sepals and petals similar, persistent, green to brown or purplish black; stamens generally 3 or 6, anthers linear, persistent; pistil 1, ovary superior, chambers generally 1 or 3, placentas 1 and basal or 3 and axile or parietal, stigmas generally > style
Fruit: capsule, loculicidal
Seeds 3many, often with white appendages on 1 or both ends
Genera in family: 9 genera, 325 species: temp, arctic, tropical mtns. Fls late spring to early fall.
Annual, perennial herb; rhizome (if any) generally with scale-like leaves
Stem generally cylindric or flat
Leaf: blade well developed and cylindric or flat, or reduced to small point; crosswalls often present (pull fresh blade apart lengthwise to see or slide leaf between fingers to feel); appendages often present at blade-sheath junction
Inflorescence generally terminal (appearing lateral when pushed aside by lowest inflorescence bract); bractlets 02
Flowers: stamens generally 3 or 6 (2 in some very small annual taxa); pistil 1, ovary chambers 1 or 3, placentas axile or parietal, stigmas generally 3(2)
Seeds many
Species in genus: 225 species: worldwide, especially n hemisphere
Etymology: (Latin: to join or bind, from use of stems)
Reference: [Ertter 1986 Mem NY Bot Gard 39:190]
Native |
Perennial 4080 cm; rhizome stout, creeping
Leaf: sheath appendages obscure; blade 312 mm wide, flat, with edge toward stem, curved, crosswalls generally incomplete, tip long
Inflorescence: lowest bract < 1/2 inflorescence length; clusters many, 310-flowered
Flower: perianth segments 33.5 mm, very narrow (revealing fruit between), green to brown; stamens generally 6, filaments = to > inconspicuous anthers
Fruit = to > perianth, oblong, gradually tapered to beak
Seed ± 0.5 mm; appendages minute
Chromosomes: 2n=40
Ecology: Wet places
Elevation: 02100 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Sierra Nevada Foothills, s High Sierra Nevada, Tehachapi Mountain Area, Great Central Valley, Central Western California, Southwestern California, White and Inyo Mountains, Desert Mountains
Distribution outside California: Oregon, Arizona, Baja California
Flowering time: MayOct
Horticultural information: STBL; INV.