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  • Up-to-date information about California vascular plants is available from the Jepson eFlora.

Native

A. coulterianum Benth.

Annual, glabrous below inflorescence, hairy in inflorescence
Stem erect but weak, often clinging to other plants or debris
Leaves: basal rosette often present (unique in genus)
Inflorescence: raceme, terminal; pedicels 1–5 mm, lowest generally subtended by twining branchlets
Flower: calyx lobes equal; corolla 9–12 mm, white to lavender; lower stamens generally exserted
Fruit: upper chamber indehiscent
Chromosomes: n=15
Ecology: Among shrubs in deserts, generally on burns elsewhere
Elevation: 0–1700 m.
Bioregional distribution: s Outer South Coast Ranges, Southwestern California (except Channel Islands), nw edge Sonoran Desert
Distribution outside California: n Baja California
Flowering time: Apr–Jul
Horticultural information: DRN, DRY: 7, 14, 15, 16, 17 , 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 &part SHD: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; also STBL.

Introduced

V. arvensis L.

Annual, hairy; roots fibrous
Stem prostrate to erect, ± branched, 5–40 cm
Leaf 2–15 mm, ovate, truncate to cordate, crenate to serrate; lower ± short-petioled
Inflorescence terminal; bracts > pedicels; pedicels 0.5–2 mm
Flower: sepals 3–4 mm, unequal (outer pair larger), lanceolate; corolla 2–3 mm, blue to violet; style 0.4–1.0 mm
Fruit 3–4 mm, flat, ciliate; notch 0.5–0.8 mm
Seed 1 mm, flat, smooth
Chromosomes: 2n=14,16,18
Ecology: Meadows, lawns, gardens
Elevation: < 1500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, North Coast Ranges, Sierra Nevada Foothills, Great Central Valley, San Francisco Bay Area, Western Transverse Ranges
Distribution outside California: widely naturalized; native to Eurasia

Introduced

V. chamaedrys L.

Perennial, rhizomed, ± hairy
Stem decumbent to ascending, rooting at lower nodes, 7–40 cm
Leaf 10–30 mm, ovate, crenate, obtuse, sessile (except lower ± short-petioled)
Inflorescences axillary, opposite (lower often ± alternate); bracts 3–7 mm; pedicels 6–7 mm
Flower: sepals 4–6 mm, ± equal, linear to lanceolate; corolla ± 10 mm, bright blue, center white; style 4–5 mm
Fruit < calyx, wider than long, obcordate, ciliate
Chromosomes: 2n=16,32
Ecology: Lawns
Elevation: < 100 m.
Bioregional distribution: San Francisco Bay Area
Distribution outside California: native to Europe

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