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Key to families | Table of families and genera

This text currently parallels The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California, Second Edition that is now available at the University of California Press.

Text appearing in blue on this page will not appear in the printed book; it will be displayed only on the Web. Specimen numbers are hyperlinked to records in the Consortium of California Herbaria data view where possible. Taxa are hyperlinked to entries in the Jepson Interchange via the "[Online Interchange]" link.

 

POLEMONIACEAE PHLOX FAMILY

Robert Patterson, family description, key to genera


Annual, perennial herb, shrub, vine.
Leaf: simple or compound, cauline (or most basal), alternate or opposite; stipules 0.
Inflorescence: cymes, heads, clusters, or flower 1; bracts in involucres or not.
Flower: sepals generally 5, fused at base, translucent membrane generally connecting lobes, torn by fruit; corolla generally 5-lobed, radial or bilateral, salverform to bell-shaped, throat often well defined; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, attached at >= 1 level, filaments of >= 1 length, pollen white, yellow, blue, or red; ovary superior, chambers generally 3, style 1, stigmas generally 3.
Fruit: capsule.
Seed: 1–many, when wetted swelling or not, gelatinous or not.
26 genera, 314 species: Am, n Eur, n Asia; some cultivated (Cantua, Cobaea (cup-and-saucer vine), Collomia, Gilia, Ipomopsis, Linanthus, Phlox). [Porter & Johnson 2000 Aliso 19:55–91] Leptodactylon moved to Linanthus. —Scientific Editors: Robert Patterson, Thomas J. Rosatti.

Key to Polemoniaceae

1. Lvs pinnate-compound ..... POLEMONIUM

1' Lvs 0 or simple, entire to deeply pinnate- or palmate-lobed

2. Lvs 0; filaments < 0.5 mm ..... GYMNOSTERIS

2' Lvs present; filaments > 0.5 mm

3. Perennial, subshrub, woody above ground, at least below (see also per Aliciella, Collomia, Phlox)

4. Calyx lobes unequal; inflorescence, bracts, calyx with woolly tufted hairs ..... ERIASTRUM (3)

4' Calyx lobes equal; inflorescence, bracts, calyx with hairs or not, but without woolly tufted hairs

5. Lvs alternate

6. Infl head-like; leaf lobes not rigid, not sharp-tipped; stamens exserted ..... Ipomopsis congesta

6' Infl not head-like; leaf lobes rigid, sharp-tipped; stamens included ..... LINANTHUS (6)

5' Lvs opposite, at least on lower stem

7. Stamens attached at > 1 level; leaves not lobed ..... PHLOX (2)

7' Stamens attached at 1 level; leaves lobed

8. Calyx 5-parted; corolla glandular abaxially, open in day; leaves palmate-lobed, lobes pliable ..... LEPTOSIPHON (3)

8' Calyx generally 6-parted; corolla glabrous abaxially, open generally at night; leaves pinnate-lobed, lobes rigid — SnJt ..... Linanthus jaegeri

3' Annual or rhizomed, short-lived perennial herb, generally not woody above ground except sometimes for parts of woody caudex

9. Calyx membrane narrow, spout-like distally ..... COLLOMIA

9' Calyx membrane narrow to wide, not spout-like distally

10. Lvs cauline, opposite below, alternate or opposite above

11. Stamens attached at > 1 level; leaves not lobed

12. Annual; seeds gelatinous when wet ..... MICROSTERIS

12' Perennial; seeds not gelatinous when wet ..... PHLOX (2)

11' Stamens attached at 1 level; leaves palmate-lobed

13. Fls in head subtended by bracts or in small clusters

14. Corolla salverform to funnel-shaped, tube long-exserted ..... LEPTOSIPHON (3)

14' Corolla bell- or short-funnel-shaped, tube generally included ..... LINANTHUS (6)

13' Fls in small clusters

15. Pedicel > 2 mm, if 0 then corolla with hairy ring inside tube; corolla generally open daytime, without red marks at throat ..... LEPTOSIPHON (3)

15' Pedicel 0–2 mm; corolla without hairy ring inside tube; corolla generally open at night, if open daytime then with red marks at throat (see also Linanthus dichotomus subsp. meridianus) ..... LINANTHUS (6)

10' Lvs in rosette and/or cauline, alternate or ± opposite below, alternate above

16. Calyx lobes unequal

17. Infl open, flowers in groups of 1–3 ..... ERIASTRUM (3)

17' Infl dense, flowers in groups of generally > 3

18. Infl woolly ..... ERIASTRUM (3)

18' Infl hairy or not, but not woolly ..... NAVARRETIA (2)

16' Calyx lobes equal

19. Lower cauline leaves palmate-lobed

20. Lvs petioled, sinuses between lobes not to leaf midrib ..... IPOMOPSIS (3)

20' Lvs sessile, sinuses between lobes ± to leaf midrib ..... LINANTHUS (6)

19' Lower cauline leaves simple to pinnate-lobed

21. Lf teeth, calyx lobes bristle-tipped

22. Corolla radial; leaf hairs branched; filaments equal ..... LANGLOISIA

22' Corolla bilateral; leaf hairs simple; filaments unequal ..... LOESELIASTRUM

21' Lf teeth, calyx lobes with short or long point or not, but not bristle-tipped

23. Corolla rotate, bell-shaped, or short-funnel-shaped, lobes > tube

24. Calyx lobes >> tube, margins scarious, rarely ciliate ..... LINANTHUS (6)

24' Calyx lobes < tube, margins scarious, not ciliate

25. Lobes of basal leaves >> 2, pinnately arranged ..... ALICIELLA (2)

25' Lobes of basal leaves 0(1–2) ..... LATHROCASIS (2)

23' Corolla funnel-shaped or salverform, lobes < tube

26. Calyx lobes >> tube (± free to base), margins not scarious, rarely ciliate ..... LINANTHUS (6)

26' Calyx lobes <= tube, margins scarious, not ciliate

27. Seeds 1 per chamber, upper leaves linear, simple, entire; plants without skunky odor ..... LATHROCASIS (2)

27' Seeds generally > 1 per chamber, if 1 then upper leaves ± palmate-compound, plants with skunky odor

28. Seeds not gelatinous when wet ..... ALICIELLA (2)

28' Seeds gelatinous when wet

29. Infl dense, flowers generally sessile

30. Lvs 2-pinnate-lobed or -dissected, margins generally toothed; corolla generally funnel-shaped, throat well developed ..... GILIA (2)

30' Lvs entire to pinnate-lobed, margins not toothed; corolla narrowly funnel-shaped to salverform, throat 0 or not well developed

31. Lvs pinnate-lobed or linear, entire; corolla radial to bilateral ..... IPOMOPSIS (3)

31' Lvs lance-elliptic, entire or dentate; corolla ± bilateral ..... Loeseliastrum depressum

29' Infl generally open, flowers pedicelled, if subsessile then inflorescence not dense

32. Seeds medium to dark brown or black; leaves basal and cauline, upper cauline ± palmate-lobed with terminal lobe width > lateral, or entire, similar to lower cauline (or 2-pinnate-lobed)

33. Hairs, or at least some, > 0.5 mm, often longer, glandular or not, generally > 1 type or length throughout; cotyledons spoon-shaped ..... ALLOPHYLLUM

33' Hairs < 0.3 mm, glandular, ± 1 type or length throughout; cotyledons linear ..... NAVARRETIA (2)

32' Seeds ± green, tan, light brown, or light gray; leaves generally in basal rosette, upper cauline 0 or simple, entire, different from basal, or pinnate-lobed with terminal lobe width <= lateral

34. Corolla salverform, radial, or funnel-shaped, bilateral ..... IPOMOPSIS (3)

34' Corolla bell- or funnel-shaped, ± radial

35. Hairs on basal leaves nonglandular, white cobwebby (at least in axils), or white and sharply bent, or translucent, then inflorescence glands long-stalked, diam < stalk (hair) ..... GILIA (2)

35' Hairs on basal leaves minutely glandular, translucent; inflorescence glands subsessile, diam > stalk (hair) ..... SALTUGILIA

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