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Monostroma grevillei ( Thuret ) Wittrock
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sporangial thalli ( lower right ) from Setchell and Gardner 1920 b Synonyms: Monostroma arcticum Wittrock, M. grevillei var. arcticum ( Wittrock ) Rosenvinge Illustrations: Gametophyte: Abbott and Hollenberg 1976, p. 67, fig. 19 ( habit ); Bliding 1969, p. 601, fig. 39 ( photos ): A, B ( habit ), C & ndash; H ( surface views, vegetative and gametangial plants ), p. 603, fig. 40 ( photos ): A & ndash; F ( x-sections ), G ( male gametes ), H ( female gametes ), p. 605, fig. 41 ( photos ): C & ndash; H ( development from zoospores ), p. 607, fig. 42 ( photos ): A ( habit ), B & ndash; F ( surface views, different parts of plant ), G, H ( x-sections ), p. 609, fig. 43 ( photos ): A ( habit ), B, C ( surface views ), D ( x-section ), E, F ( neutral biflagellate swarmers ), G & ndash; L ( early development of new plant ); Burrows 1991, pl. 1 ( photo: habit ); Golden and Garbary 1984, p. 321 ( photos ): fig. 1 ( habit, male gametophyte ), fig. 2 ( habit, female gametophyte ), figs. 3, 4 ( surface views, lower portion of plant ), fig. 5 ( female gametes ), fig. 6 ( male gametes ), fig. 7 ( syngamy ); Kornmann 1962 a, p. 196, fig. 1 A & ndash; D ( male and female gametes and syngamy ), p. 199, fig. 3 ( photos: gametophyte development ); Kornmann 1973, p. 5, fig. 3, and p. 6, fig. 4 ( photos: gametophyte development ). Sporophyte: Bliding 1969, p. 603, fig. 40 ( photos ): I & ndash; L ( development from zygotes ), p. 605, fig. 41 ( photos ): A, B ( mature sporophytes with zoospores ); Kornmann 1962 a, p. 197, fig. 2 A, B ( photos: mature sporophytes ); Kornmann 1973, p. 3, fig. 1, and p. 4, fig. 2 ( photos: sporophyte development ); Wilkinson and Burrows 1972, pl. 1 D ( photo: sporophyte growing in mussel shell ) Pacific Coast Distribution: Amchitka I ., Aleutian Is ., Alaska ( Lebednik and Palmisano 1977, p. 360 ) to Seattle, Wash. ( Thom et al. 1977, p. 270 ); Fort Bragg, Mendocino Co ., Calif. to Duxbury Reef, Marin Co ., Calif. ( Kjeldsen 1995, p. 9 ); Santa Cruz, Calif. ( Abbott and Hollenberg 1976, p. 68 ); Moss Beach, Monterey Peninsula, Calif. ( Hollenberg and Abbott 1966, p. 11 [ 621 ] ) Taxonomy: Burrows 1991, p. 63; Golden and Garbary 1984, p. 320; Bliding 1969, p. 602 Life History: alternation of a microscopic Gomontia-like sporophyte with macroscopic unisexual gametophytes by means of quadriflagellate zoospores and biflagellate anisogametes ( Golden and Garbary 1984, p. 320; Kornmann 1973, p. 2; Kornmann 1962 a ); in the morphologically nearly indistinguishable var. arcticum , recycling of macroscopic plant by means of neutral biflagellate swarmers ( Golden and Garbary 1984, p. 323; Bliding 1969, p. 610; Kornmann and Sahling 1962, p. 305 ) Biology/Ecology: L & uuml; ning 1990; Golden and Garbary 1984; Dring and L & uuml; ning 1983; Hodgson and Waaland 1980, p. 110; L & uuml; ning 1980 b; R. Lee 1965 b, p. 113

							J	F	M	A	M	J	J	A	S	O	N	D
BRITISH COLUMBIA						Repr													Sparse, exposed habitats, mid to low intertidal, on stone, shells, and other algae ( Odonthalia and Cystoseira ). Scagel 1966, p. 35. Phillips and Vadas 1967, p. 9. Scagel 1973, p. 131.
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COLUMBIA RIVER						Repr
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CAPE ARAGO						Repr
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CAPE MENDOCINO						Repr													Rare, a spring annual on rocks and epiphytic on Phyllospadix and Farlowia conferta . Kjeldsen 1995, p. 9.
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POINT ARENA						Repr													Uncommon, a spring annual on rocks and epiphytic on Phyllospadix and Farlowia conferta . Kjeldsen 1995, p. 9.
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SAN FRANCISCO						Repr													Uncommon, epiphytic on Phyllospadix and Farlowia conferta , in pools, low intertidal and subtidal. Hollenberg and Abbott 1966, p. 11 [ 621 ].
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