Nereocystis luetkeana (Mertens) Postels et Ruprecht

x-section of sorus (left); whole plant (right)

Illustrations:

Sporophyte: Abbott and Hollenberg 1976, p. 254, fig. 205 (habit of sporophyte); Cameron 1912, pl. XI (photo: juvenile plant), pl. XII, fig. 1 (young plant), pl. X, fig. 2 (photo: holdfast), pl. XII, fig. 2 (photo: sporophylls); Hartge 1928, pp. 231, 233, figs. 50–63 (development from zygote); Postels and Ruprecht 1840, pls. VIII, IX (habit); Scagel 1967, p. 141, fig. 56 (juvenile and adult sporophyte). Gametophytes: Hartge 1928, p. 224, figs. 1–30 (development from zoospores), p. 227, figs. 31–41 (developing antheridial plants), p. 229, figs. 42–49 (developing female plants)

Pacific Coast Distribution:

Umnak I., Aleutian Is., Alaska (Miller and Estes 1989) to Monterey Peninsula, Calif. (Smith 1944, p. 141); San Luis Obispo Co., Calif. (Piedras Blancas; Cambria; Diablo Cove: Sparling 1977, p. 38); San Diego Co., Calif. (La Jolla: Nichols in UC; Coronado: Bolch in UC; both in drift in 1908)

Molecular Taxonomy:

Saunders and Druehl 1993b; Saunders and Druehl 1992a

Phylogeny:

Draisma et al. 2001

Evolution:

Coyer et al. 2001; Druehl and Saunders 1992; Saunders and Druehl 1992b; Estes and Steinberg 1988

Life History:

alternation of heteromorphic phases, with a macroscopic sporophyte and dioecious microscopic gametophytes (Druehl and Hsiao 1969, p. 47; Hartge 1928)

Phenology:

Maxell and Miller 1996; Rigg 1917

Chromosomes:

Cole 1962, p. 314; Cole 1967b, p. 523

Genetics:

Lewis and Neushul 1996; Fain et al. 1988, p. 293

Biology/Ecology:

Dean et al. 2000; Hurd and Stevens 1997; Antrim et al. 1995; Danner et al. 1995; Johnson and Koehl 1994; Shaffer and Parks 1994; Amsler and Neushul 1991; Foster et al. 1991, p. 249; Amsler and Neushul 1990a; Lüning 1990; T. Wilson and Schlotterbeck 1989; Apt 1988a; Apt 1988c, p. 212; Foster and Schiel 1988; Harrold et al. 1988, p. 134; Herbert and Waaland 1988, p. 2; Kirst 1988; Koehl and Alberte 1988; Laur et al. 1988; Lüning and Freshwater 1988, p. 312; Kain 1987c; Kain et al. 1987; Rosell and Srivastava 1987; Schiel and Foster 1986, p. 269; Breda and Foster 1985, p. 116; Dayton 1985, p. 220; Foster and Schiel 1985, p. 11; Smith et al. 1985; Steinberg 1985; Foreman 1984; Smith and Foreman 1984, p. 198; Wheeler et al. 1984; Duggins 1983, p. 1615; Levings et al. 1983, p. 1127; Popovic et al. 1983; Albright et al. 1982; Breen et al. 1982, p. 15; Foster 1982b, p. 188; Duggins 1981; Pace 1981, p. 460; Albright et al. 1980; Duncan and Foreman 1980; Hodgson and Waaland 1980, p. 110; Oliveira et al. 1980; Walker 1980; Pearse and Hines 1979, p. 83; Turner 1979, p. 44; Willenbrink et al. 1979; Sanbonsuga and Neushul 1978, p. 92; Andrews 1977, p. 1021; Koehl and Wainwright 1977; Vadas 1977; Walker and Bisalputra 1977; Foreman 1977, p. 479; Foreman 1976; Hruby 1975, p. 883; Devinny and Kirkwood 1974, p. 102; Pearse and Lowry 1974, p. 2 (as N. lutkiens); Carefoot 1973, p. 229; Duncan 1973; Turner 1973, p. 195; Jamison 1972, p. 354; Vadas 1972, p. 196; Duncan 1971; Jolliffe and Tregunna 1970, p. 296; Druehl 1970, p. 241; Foreman 1970; Markham 1970; Nicholson 1970; Druehl 1969, p. 164; Paine and Vadas 1969a, p. 714; Paine and Vadas 1969b, p. 80; Neushul 1967, p. 85; Neushul 1965, p. 168; Widdowson 1965b, p. 1428; Cole 1964, p. 1173; Scagel 1963, p. 48; Scagel 1961, p. 528; Stephenson and Stephenson 1961a, p. 18; Stephenson and Stephenson 1961b, p. 230; Outram 1957, p. 14; Rigg and Miller 1949; H. Andrews 1925; Rigg 1913

Epiphytes:

Acrochaetium pacificum, Amplisiphonia pacifica, Antithamnion densum, Antithamnionella pacifica, Antithamnionella spirographidis, Compsonema fructuosum, Dictyota binghamiae, Ectocarpus commensalis, Hecatonema primarium, Hecatonema streblonematoides, Hincksia granulosa, Membranoptera dimorpha, Myrionema corunnae, Palmaria mollis, Porphyra gardneri, Porphyra nereocystis, Porphyra pulchra, Porphyra thuretii, Pterochondria woodii, Rhodymenia californica, Scagelia pylaisaei

Ultrastructure:

Henry and Cole 1982b, p. 571; Henry and Cole 1982a, p. 551; Oliveira et al. 1980; Schmitz and Srivastava 1976

Physiology:

Hurd, Quick et al. 1994; Amsler 1988a; Herbert and Waaland 1988, p. 2; Wheeler et al. 1984; K. Schmitz 1982, p. 171; Willenbrink 1982; Duncan and Foreman 1980; Willenbrink et al. 1979; Foreman 1976; Foreman 1970; Jolliffe and Tregunna 1970, p. 296; Cole 1964, p. 1173; Rigg and Swain 1941; Rigg and Henry 1935; Morávek 1932; Morávek 1929; Rigg 1925

Chemistry:

Ragan and Glombitza 1986, p. 189; Rosell and Srivastava 1985; Rosell and Srivastava 1984b; Rosell and Srivastava 1984a; Whyte and Englar 1983, p. 163; Hoppe and Levring 1982, p. 18; Whyte et al. 1981; Whyte and Englar 1980b; Whyte and Englar 1980a; Englar et al. 1979; Sanders 1979, p. 97; Wort 1955

Economic Applications:

Petrell and Alie 1996; Druehl 1988, p. 121; Roland 1985; Mumford 1980, p. 16; Rigg 1913