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Key to SymphyotrichumView taxon page for Symphyotrichum
(For a list of species in Symphyotrichum, use the above link.) Jepson Manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with dots. 1. Annual, taprooted; ray corolla < 8 mm, generally > disk flowers by 2 mm or less 2. Ray flowers 90–110, rays <= 0.2 mm wide; disk flowers > 35; phyllaries obtuse  Having a short-tapered, blunt tip or base, the sides convex or straight and converging at more than a right angle. to rounded; leaves elliptic  In the shape of a flattened circle or ellipse; wider than linear to obovate, ± obtuse ..... S. frondosum 2' Ray flowers 21–54, rays >= 0.2 mm wide; disk flowers 7–23; phyllaries acute  Having a short-tapered, sharp tip, the sides convex or straight and converging at less than a right angle. to acuminate  Having a long-tapered, sharp tip, the sides concave. ; leaves linear  Elongate, with nearly parallel sides; narrower than elliptic or oblong. to oblanceolate, obtuse to acute ..... S. subulatum 3. Ray corolla pink to lavender, generally 2.5–3.5 mm, drying in 2–3 coils; ray flowers >= 30, disk flowers 11–23 ..... var. elongatum 3' Ray corolla generally white to pink, 1.3–3 mm, drying in 1–2 coils or curling; ray flowers 27–40, disk flowers 7–15 1' Perennial herb, generally from rhizome  1. In seed plants, stem that is often elongate, more or less horizontal, usually underground; distinguished from roots by bearing of leaves, leaf scars, axillary buds, etc. 2. In ferns, stem that is located underground, embedded in leaf litter, on rocks or in rock crevices, or on trees or tree branches, often scaly or hairy; distinguished from roots by bearing of fronds (roots rarely bear fronds), and their greater diameter. or caudex  Generally short, sometimes woody, more or less vertical stem of a perennial, at or beneath ground level. ; ray corolla 6–12 mm, conspicuous 5. Involucre ± glandular – peduncle  Stalk of an individual flower borne singly, not in an inflorescence, or of an entire inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit; the stalk subtending an involucre (e.g., in Asteraceae, Polygonaceae). ± glandular ..... S. campestre 5' Involucre glabrous to ± hairy, not glandular 6. Outer phyllaries obtuse to rounded, < inner ones, ± pale-margined at base, with green area at tip generally < 2.5 × longer than wide; stem generally densely and uniformly strigose  With stiff, straight, sharp, appressed hairs. , especially below heads 7. Inflorescence open, branches generally > 5 cm; leaves glabrous to ± strigose, generally lacking short leafy shoots in axils; stem 2–6 dm ..... S. ascendens 7' Inflorescence narrow, branches generally < 5 cm; leaves strigose, generally with short leafy shoots in axils; stem 4–10 dm ..... S. defoliatum 6' Outer phyllaries acute to obtuse, <= inner ones, green throughout, or ± pale-margined at base with green area at tip generally > 2.5 × longer than wide; stem ± glabrous to ± hairy distally or with hairs generally ± in lines 8. Leaves rough-hairy on faces, elliptic to obovate, cauline > basal  At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. ; phyllaries acute ..... S. greatae 8' Leaves glabrous to ± soft-hairy, generally ± linear to narrowly elliptic (if wider, basal > cauline); phyllaries acute to obtuse 9. Leaves ± equal or mid-cauline largest, basal generally 0 at flower; ray white to pink or violet; < 2000 m 10. Outer phyllaries pale-margined > 1/2 length, length generally 3+ × width 11. Stem ± hairy in lines; leaves lanceolate  Narrowly elongate, widest in the basal half, often tapered to an acute tip. ; inflorescence bracts well developed ..... S. lanceolatum var. hesperium 11' Stem ± glabrous; leaves linear to narrowly lanceolate; inflorescence bracts small ..... S. lentum 10' Outer phyllaries pale-margined < 1/2 length, length generally < 3 × width 12. Ray generally pink to white; inflorescence generally narrow, lateral branches generally < 10 cm; phyllaries generally ± equal ..... S. bracteolatum 12' Ray violet; inflorescence generally open, lateral branches generally 10+ cm; outer phyllaries generally < inner 9' Basal or proximal cauline leaves largest, basal generally present at flower; ray violet to purple; > 1000 m 14. Stem 7–15 dm; cauline leaves elliptic to oblanceolate base lobed, clasping; heads > 35; phyllaries ± pale-margined at base ..... S. hendersonii 14' Stem 0.5–8 dm; cauline leaves linear to narrowly elliptic or heads < 35; phyllaries pale-margined at base or outermost green throughout 15. Leaves < 7 × longer than wide; outermost phyllaries generally green throughout, ± = inner ..... S. foliaceum 17' Leaves lanceolate to narrowly elliptic
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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) . Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/ [accessed on ]
Citation for an individual treatment: [Author of taxon treatment] [year]. [Taxon name] in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, [URL for treatment]. Accessed on .
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