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Key to CryptanthaView taxon page for Cryptantha
(For a list of species in Cryptantha, use the above link.) Jepson Manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with dots. 1. Nutlet(s) all smooth or obscurely roughened 2. Nutlets asymmetric  Not divisible into identical or mirror-image halves. , attachment scars  Mark left by the natural separation of two structures, as a leaf scar on a stem. off-centered 3. Nutlets 4, attachment scar  Mark left by the natural separation of two structures, as a leaf scar on a stem. strongly off-centered, appearing marginal; inflorescence elongate ..... C. affinis 2' Nutlets symmetric, attachment scars centered 4. Calyx hairs both straight and hooked-tipped; nutlets 1(2). 5. Style extended 1/3 to 1/2 nutlet length; nutlet attachment scar edges abutted to overlapped entire  Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). length (or forming tiny gap at base) 6. Nutlets lance-ovate, not flattened, proximal half appearing swollen, margins rounded; calyx in fruit strictly appressed  Parallel or nearly parallel to and often in contact with surface of origin; used to describe the disposition of hairs, leaves, pedicels, etc. to axis, lobes  1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. separate to base; corolla limb 1–5(6) mm diam ..... C. flaccida 6' Nutlets ovate  Egg-shaped (i.e., widest below the middle) in two dimensions (i.e., in one plane), as a leaf. , flattened, not appearing swollen, margins angled; calyx in fruit spreading  Oriented more or less perpendicularly to the axis of attachment; often, more or less horizontal. to ascending  Curving or angling upward from base, or about 30-60 degrees less than vertical or away from axis of attachment. , lobes basally fused 1/4 to 1/2 length; corolla limb 0.5–1(1.5) mm diam ..... C. sparsiflora 5' Style extended 1/2 to 2/3 nutlet length; nutlet attachment scar edges abutted near tip, variably gapped proximal third, widening into an open gap at base 7. Corolla limb 1–2 mm diam; calyx lobe 1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. midveins spreading to upcurved coarse-bristly; nutlets 2.3–2.8 mm ..... C. rostellata 7' Corolla limb 3–6 mm diam; calyx lobe midveins appressed to ascending fine-hairy; nutlets 1.6–2 mm ..... C. spithamaea 4' Calyx hairs straight to curved, not hook-tipped; nutlets 1–4 8. Calyx lobe tip hairs strongly reflexed  Abruptly bent or curved downward or backward. ; corolla limb 0.5–1 mm diam; nutlets 1 or 2(4) ..... C. nemaclada 8' Calyx lobe tip hairs generally spreading to ascending, not reflexed; corolla limb 0.5–8 mm diam; nutlets 1–4 9. Flowers mostly with subtending bracts 10. Stems prostrate  Lying flat on the ground. to decumbent  lying mostly flat on the ground but with tips curving up. , green in fruit; nutlets ovate, (3)4 ..... C. leiocarpa 10' Stems erect  Upright; vertically oriented. to ascending, red-brown in fruit; nutlet lance-ovate, 1 (or if 2, 1 smooth, 1 rough) ..... C. maritima (2) 11. Calyx sparsely to densely white-fine-hairy on marginal abaxial surface, hairs appressed, longest generally < 1 mm; midribs coarse-bristly, hairs stout, horizontal to reflexed ..... var. maritima (2) 11' Calyx densely white-fine-hairy on marginal abaxial surface, hairs angled upward to erect, longest generally >= 1 mm; midribs coarse-bristly, hairs thin, ascending to erect ..... var. pilosa (2) 9' Flowers without subtending bracts or bracts occasional, scattered 12. Nutlet margins sharp-angled, knife-like, especially near tip; nutlets (3)4 13' Corolla limb 0.5–1.5 mm diam; nutlets 1.4–2 mm, ± lance-ovate; style extended to nutlet tips ..... C. watsonii 12' Nutlet margins if angled, not sharply so, generally rounded, especially near tip; nutlets 1–4 14. Calyx abaxially with ± single hair type, generally long, soft-tufted, midvein hairs soft, appressed to ascending, slightly longer but not bristly; nutlets 1(2 or 3) 15. Corolla limb 1–2.5 mm diam; leaf  Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). midveins adaxially not sunken; calyx 2–3 mm in fruit; stem without appressed hairs ..... C. gracilis 15' Corolla limb 2–6 mm diam; leaf midveins adaxially sunken; calyx 3–5 mm in fruit; stem appressed fine-hairy ..... C. milobakeri 14' Calyx abaxially possessing 2 hair types, fine, generally appressed hairs, and coarser, stiff and bristly midvein hairs, the latter spreading, reflexed, or ascending; nutlets 1–4 16. Nutlets ovate, abaxially flattened, at least at base 17. Corolla limb 3–6 mm diam; calyx wide-ovoid to ± spheric in fruit; nutlets either smooth or rough, abaxial ridge at tip often present ..... C. incana(3) 17' Corolla limb 1–2 mm diam; calyx lance-ovoid to cup-shaped in fruit; nutlets smooth, abaxial ridge absent ..... C. torreyana 18. Calyx 1–1.5(2) mm in flower, (2.5)3–4.5 mm in fruit, cup-shaped; nutlets 1.3–1.5 mm ..... var. pumila 18' Calyx 2–2.5 mm in flower, 4–6.5(8) mm in fruit, lance-ovoid to urn-shaped  Widening more or less abruptly at the base and then gradually or abruptly narrowed toward the tip. ; nutlets (1.6)1.7–2.2(2.5) mm ..... var. torreyana 16' Nutlet(s) lanceolate  Narrowly elongate, widest in the basal half, often tapered to an acute tip. to lance-ovate, abaxially low-convex to rounded 19' Calyx (2.5)3–10 mm in fruit; nutlets 1–4; style extended >= 2/3 nutlet length 20' Calyx (2.5)3–6(7.5) mm in fruit, lobe hairs less than 3 mm; nutlets 1–4 22. Calyx in fruit appressed to axis; corolla limb 1–2.5 mm diam; nutlet adaxially ± flattened, abaxially convex, not round in ×-section basally; generally non-serpentine, sedimentary based substrate (or serpentine) ..... C. clevelandii var. clevelandii 22' Calyx in fruit not appressed to axis; corolla limb (2.5)3–6 mm diam; nutlet adaxially and abaxially ± rounded to convex, basally ± round in ×-section; obligate serpentine endemic ..... C. hispidula 23' Corolla limb (1.5)2–8 mm diam; stems 0–few-branched ± below middle or branched throughout; KR, NCoR, Teh, CW, SW 24. Stem hairs strigose  With stiff, straight, sharp, appressed hairs. only or strigose and spreading, stiff bristly; style not extended to nutlet tips ..... C. clevelandii var. florosa 24' Stem hairs spreading only, soft bristly above, bristly below; style extended to or slightly beyond nutlet tips 25. Stems unbranched or few-branched near base; leaves crowded proximally, subequal above; distal peduncle  Stalk of an individual flower borne singly, not in an inflorescence, or of an entire inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit; the stalk subtending an involucre (e.g., in Asteraceae, Polygonaceae). axis without bracts; corolla limb (4)5–8 mm diam; obligate serpentine endemic, restricted to NW ..... C. dissita 25' Stems branched throughout; leaves reduced distally, not congested proximally; distal peduncle axis with bracts; corolla limb (1.5)2–5 mm diam; non-serpentine, sedimentary based substrate, widespread ..... C. hispidissima 1' Nutlets, or at least 1, variously papillate  Pertaining to a surface (e.g., of a leaf, stigma, fruit) bearing small, rounded or conic protuberances (papillae). and/or tubercled, occasionally obscurely so 26. At least one nutlet with margins winged or narrow, knife-like linear-rimmed 27. Nutlets 1(2 or 3), only distal margins narrowly linear-rimmed, surfaces minutely spiny-tubercled ..... C. utahensis 27' Nutlets (3)4, margins of similar nutlets entirely narrow linear-rimmed or narrow- to wide-winged, surfaces round-tubercled 28' Corolla limb 1–2.5(3) mm diam 29' Plants yellow-green; pedicels  Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. 0.5–1.5 mm in fruit; all nutlets marginally wide-winged or all but 1, the dissimilar nutlet narrow-winged, wings encircling entire nutlet body, including base; stipe present at receptacle base ..... C. cycloptera 29. Plants green to grayish; pedicels 0–0.5(0.8) mm in fruit; nutlets lacking a marginal wing  1. Thin, flat extension or appendage of a surface or margin. 2. In many members of Fabaceae and in some other groups, each of two lateral petals. at base of nutlet body; stipe absent at receptacle base ..... C. pterocarya 30. Nutlet margins narrow, linear  Elongate, with nearly parallel sides; narrower than elliptic or oblong. rimmed or winged with wing < 0.5 mm wide on one side; nutlet bodies 1.2–2.2 mm; calyx 2.5–3(3.5) mm in fruit ..... var. purpusii 30' At least some nutlet margins with prominent wings, > 0.5 mm wide on one side; nutlet bodies 1.8–3.2 mm; calyx 3–7(8) mm in fruit 26' All nutlets with margins rounded or angled, not winged or linear-rimmed 32. Nutlets of 1 fruit dissimilar in size and/or sculpturing 33. Plants sprawling; nutlets 4, smaller lanceolate (> 3× longer than wide), attachment scar groove open ..... C. dumetorum 33' Plants erect to ascending; nutlets 1–4, all lance-ovate (2–3× longer than wide) to ovate (1.5–2× longer than wide), attachment scar groove closed, edges abutting 34' Corolla limb 0.5–1.5 mm diam; nutlets differing in size and sculpturing 35. Nutlets 4, 0.7–1 mm, ovate; bracts 0; calyx 1–1.5 mm in fruit, ± spheric, some midvein hairs hook-tipped ..... C. micromeres 35' Nutlets 2, 1.5–2 mm, lance-ovate; bracts present; calyx 2–3 mm in fruit, lance-ovoid, lobe midvein hairs straight ..... C. maritima (2) 36. Calyx sparsely to densely white-fine-hairy on marginal abaxial surface, hairs appressed, longest generally < 1 mm long, lobe midribs coarse-bristly, hairs stout, horizontal to ref;exed ..... var. maritima (2) 36' Calyx densely white-fine-hairy on marginal abaxial surface, hairs angled upward to erect, longest generally >= 1 mm, lobe midribs coarse-bristly, hairs thin, ascending to erect ..... var. pilosa (2) 32' Nutlets of 1 fruit similar in size and sculpturing 37. Pedicels 2–3 mm in fruit, long-soft-hairy; calyx with 1 hair type, densely white, long-soft-hairy, without coarse bristly hairs ..... C. crinita 37' Pedicels 0–1.5(2) mm in fruit, not long-soft-hairy; calyx with >= 2 hair types, at least some coarse, bristly hairs present 39' Calyx straight in fruit, not arched; nutlets straight 40' Nutlet attachment scar shallow, small at base, not cavity-like 41' Nutlet surfaces ± uniformly variously roughened, not smooth 42. Corolla limb 1–2.5(3) mm diam 43. Calyx 5–10 mm in fruit, not appressed to axis; nutlet surfaces coarsely elongate-tubercled, tips acute  Having a short-tapered, sharp tip, the sides convex or straight and converging at less than a right angle. ..... C. barbigera var. barbigera (2) 43' Calyx 3–4(5) mm in fruit, basally appressed to axis; nutlet surfaces low-tubercled, tip acuminate  Having a long-tapered, sharp tip, the sides concave. ..... C. decipiens 42' Corolla limb 3–8 mm diam 44' Calyx 2–3.5 mm in fruit; nutlets lanceolate to lance-ovate 45. Calyx wide-ovoid to +– spheric in fruit; nutlet abaxial ridge at tip often present ..... C. incana (3) 45' Calyx lance-ovoid to cup-shaped in fruit; nutlet abaxial ridge absent 46. Distal stem hairs appresssed, lacking spreading-bristly hairs; calyx 3–3.5 mm in fruit, not appressed to axis, lobes oblong  Longer than wide, with nearly parallel sides; wider than linear. , midvein not spreading bristly; nutlets 2.2–2.5 mm ..... C. corollata 46' Distal stems appressed- and spreading-bristly; calyx 2.5–3(3.5) mm in fruit, appressed to axis, lobes linear, midveins of outer 3 spreading bristly; nutlets 1.5–2 mm ..... C. rattanii 38' Nutlets generally (3)4 47. Corolla generally inconspicuous, limb (<)1–2 mm diam 48. Nutlets lance-ovate to lanceolate, length:width ratio > 2 49. Stems densely spreading coarse-bristly, sparsely strigose; calyx lobe margins densely tufted soft-hairy below middle; nutlets lance-ovate, acute-tipped ..... C. barbigera var. barbigera (2) 49' Stems strigose only, spreading hairs generally absent; calyx lobe margins not densely tufted-spreading below middle; nutlets lanceolate, acuminate-tipped 50. Plants sprawling; inflorescence cyme  1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae and some other groups, a branched inflorescence in which the central or uppermost flower opens before the peripheral or lowermost flowers on any axis. see 2. In Asteraceae and some other groups, a cyme-like inflorescence is one in which the central or uppermost inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae, umbels enclosed by involucres in Eriogonum), instead of individual flowers, develop and mature before the peripheral or lowermost inflorescence units on any axis. units generally forming numerous clusters, few elongating in fruit; calyx 6–11 mm in fruit; nutlet surfaces coarsely tubercled ..... C. nevadensis 50' Plants erect; inflorescence cyme units mostly elongating in fruit; calyx 4–6 mm in fruit; nutlet surfaces finely, sharp-tubercled ..... C. scoparia 48' Nutlets ovate to wide-ovate or deltate  More or less equilaterally triangular, with the corners rounded or not. , length:width ratio < 2 51. Calyx midrib hairs recurved  Gradually curved downward or backward. , short-scabrous-bristly ..... C. simulans 51' Calyx midribs hairs spreading long-bristly 52' Nutlet tubercles broadly elongate, rounded, not appearing spiny 53. Flower bracts present, scattered throughout length of cymes 1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae and some other groups, a branched inflorescence in which the central or uppermost flower opens before the peripheral or lowermost flowers on any axis. see 2. In Asteraceae and some other groups, a cyme-like inflorescence is one in which the central or uppermost inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae, umbels enclosed by involucres in Eriogonum), instead of individual flowers, develop and mature before the peripheral or lowermost inflorescence units on any axis. 54. Bracts thread-like; inflorescence tightly clustered; calyx 4–6 mm in fruit; nutlets wide-ovate to deltate, coarsely tubercled throughout; SnJV (presumed extinct) ..... C. hooveri 54' Bracts leaf-like; inflorescence elongate, at least below; calyx 3–4 mm in fruit; nutlets narrowly ovate, glabrous or becoming so basally, finely tubercled distally; s ChI (San Nicolas Island) ..... C. traskiae 53' Flower bracts generally 0 within cymes, occasionally at base of cymes 55' Calyx 4.5–10 mm in fruit; nutlets 1.5–2.8(3) mm 55' Calyx 2–6(7) mm in fruit; nutlets 1–2 mm 57' Calyx 4–6(7) mm in fruit, lance-ovoid; pedicel Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. 0.5–1 mm; nutlet abaxial ridge absent ..... C. ambigua 57. Calyx 2–4.5 mm in fruit, wide-ovoid to ovoid; pedicel < 0.5 mm; nutlet abaxial ridge present ..... C. muricata 58. Branches few, long, laxly-ascending, generally from below middle; calyx 3–4.5 mm in fruit; nutlets 1.8–2 mm, sparsely low-tubercled ..... var. denticulata 58' Branches many, short, stiffly-angled upward, generally above middle from prominent central stem; calyx 2–2.5(3.5) in fruit; nutlets 1.1–1.9, densely coarse-tubercled ..... var. jonesii 47' Corolla generally conspicuous, limb 2–8 mm diam 59. Nutlets ovate to wide-ovate, length:width ratio <2 60. Plants mostly spreading to decumbent; inflorescence cymes congested, flower bracts near base; s ChI (San Clemente Island) ..... C. clementina 60' Plants erect to ascending; inflorescence cymes elongate, flower bracts 0 or only at base; mainland 61' Calyx lance-ovoid to ovoid; nutlets acute 59' Nutlets lance-ovate, length:width ratio >2 63. Nutlet abaxial and adaxial surfaces glabrous or becoming so in proximal half on all sides, densely tubercled to warty in distal abaxial half 64. Nutlet abaxial distal half with rounded to pointed, not wart-like tubercles, mostly not abutted, basal  At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. region becoming glabrous (tubercles low to 0) or glabrous on all sides; s ChI (Santa Catalina Island) ..... C. catalinensis 64' Nutlet abaxial distal half with dense, wart-like, abutted tubercles, basal region glabrous and shiny all sides; mainland and Santa Catalina Island ..... C. wigginsii (2) 63' Nutlet dorsal surfaces tubercled throughout 65. Stem hairs mostly appressed, sometimes sparsely spreading soft-bristly 65' Stem hairs both appressed and spreading rough-hairy or only spreading rough-hairy to bristly 67. Calyx 4.5–9 mm in fruit, lobe margins tufted-spreading hairy below middle; leaves oblong, tip obtuse  Having a short-tapered, blunt tip or base, the sides convex or straight and converging at more than a right angle. ..... C. barbigera var. fergusoniae 67' Calyx 4–5.5 mm in fruit, lobe margins appressed fine-hairy below middle; leaves linear to lanceolate, tip acute 68' Distal stem hairs appressed and spreading; fruiting calyx ± ascending relative to axis 69. Inflorescence cymes mostly in 1s; leaves oblong, tips obtuse to rounded; plant low, branches erect to decumbent ..... C. mariposae (2) 69' Inflorescence cymes mostly in 2s or 3s; leaves generally linear, tips acute; plant erect, branches erect to ascending 70. Inflorescence cymes mostly in 2s; nutlets densely and more finely tubercled; s ChI (San Clemente Island) ..... C. kinkiensis 70. Inflorescence cymes mostly in 2s or 3s; nutlets coarsely tubercled; mainland
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