Common Name: EVENING-PRIMROSE FAMILY Habit: Annual to perennial herb (to tree). Leaf: cauline or basal, alternate, opposite, or whorled, generally simple and toothed (to pinnately compound); stipules 0 or generally deciduous. Inflorescence: spike, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1 in axils; bracted. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, often opening at either dawn or dusk; hypanthium generally prolonged beyond ovary (measured from ovary tip to sepal base); sepals 4(2--7); petals 4(2--7, rarely 0), often fading darker; stamens 2 × or = sepals in number, anthers 2-chambered, opening lengthwise, pollen interconnected by threads; ovary inferior, chambers generally as many as sepals (sometimes becoming 1), placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1--many per chamber, style 1, stigma 4-lobed (or lobes as many as sepals), club-shaped, spheric, or hemispheric. Fruit: capsule, loculicidal (sometimes berry or indehiscent and nut-like). Seed: sometimes winged or hair-tufted. Genera In Family: 22 genera, +- 657 species: worldwide, especially western North America; many cultivated (Clarkia, Epilobium, Fuchsia, Oenothera). Note:Gaura moved to Oenothera. Fuchsia magellanica Lam. naturalized in northern California. eFlora Treatment Author: Warren L. Wagner & Peter C. Hoch, family description, key to genera, treatment of genera by Warren L. Wagner, except as noted Scientific Editor: Robert W. Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: WILLOWHERB Habit: Annual to subshrub. Leaf: generally opposite proximally (or clustered in axils), generally +- fine-toothed; veins generally obscure. Inflorescence: generally raceme, bracted. Flower: radial or rarely +- bilateral; sepals 4, erect; petals 4, notched; stamens 8, anthers attached at middle, pollen grains generally shed in 4s, cream-yellow; ovary chambers 4, stigma generally club-like, occasionally 4-lobed. Fruit: straight, cylindric to club-like. Seed: generally in 1 row per chamber, generally with white, deciduous hair-tuft. Etymology: (Greek: upon pod, from inferior ovary) Note: Incl Boisduvalia, Zauschneria. Most taxa polyploid; many with anthers +- = stigma self-pollinated; many hybrids. Taxa with alternate leaves moved to Chamerion. eFlora Treatment Author: Peter C. Hoch Reference: Raven 1976 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 63:326--340; Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:81--95
Epilobium campestre (Jeps.) Hoch & W.L. Wagner
NATIVE Habit: Annual 1--5.5 dm, taprooted, basal branches generally decumbent, glabrous and peeling proximally, minutely strigose or spreading-hairy distally. Leaf: opposite only near base, +- sessile, 8--35 mm, lanceolate (narrowly), generally hairy. Inflorescence: crowded; bracts narrowly ovate or wider. Flower: generally cleistogamous; hypanthium 0.3--1.1 mm; sepals 0.7--2 mm; petals 1--3.2 mm, pink; stigma club-like, sometimes barely 4-lobed. Fruit: sessile, 3.5--8 mm, cylindric, tough, proximal 1/2 +- indehiscent; axis disintegrating. Seed: in 2 rows per chamber, 0.9--1.3 mm, netted, hair-tuft 0. Chromosomes: 2n=30. Ecology: Vernal pools, clay mud flats; Elevation: 30--3000 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP (exc ChI, e TR), MP; Distribution Outside California: to western Canada, North Dakota, Utah, northern Baja California; southern South America. Flowering Time: May--Sep Synonyms: Boisduvalia glabella (Nutt.) Walp.; Boisduvalia glabella var. campestris (Jeps.) Jeps.; Epilobium pygmaeum (Speg.) Hoch & P.H. Raven, illeg. Jepson eFlora Author: Peter C. Hoch Reference: Raven 1976 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 63:326--340; Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:81--95 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Epilobium brachycarpum Next taxon: Epilobium canum
Botanical illustration including Epilobium campestre
Citation for this treatment: Peter C. Hoch 2012, Epilobium campestre, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=89220, accessed on April 23, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 23, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
