Common Name: POPPY FAMILY Habit: Annual to small tree; sap colorless, yellow, orange, red, or white. Leaf: basal, cauline, or both, simple and entire, toothed, or lobed, or 1--3-pinnate-dissected or compound; cauline generally alternate; stipules 0. Inflorescence: terminal, 1-flowered or cyme, raceme, or panicle; bracts generally present. Flower: bisexual, radial, bilateral, or biradial; sepals 2--3, shed after flower; petals generally 2 × sepals in number; stamens generally many; ovary 1, superior, chamber 1, style 0 or 1, stigmas or lobes 2--many, ovules few to many. Fruit: capsule, dehiscent by valves or pores, +- nut, or breaking transversely into 1-seeded, indehiscent units. Seed: fleshy appendage generally 0. Genera In Family: 25--30 genera, 200 species: northern temperate, northern tropics; some cultivated (Papaver, Eschscholzia, Hunnemannia), source of opiates. Note:Stylomecon moved to Papaver. Corydalis, Dicentra, Fumaria in Fumariaceae in FNANM, elsewhere. Glaucium flavum Crantz is a waif. According to FNANM (3:300--301), Hunnemannia fumariifolia Sweet (+- like Eschscholzia except sepals free) an occasional waif in California, but documentation evidently lacking. Fleshy appendage of seed sometimes for dispersal by ants. eFlora Treatment Author: Gary L. Hannan & Curtis Clark, except as noted Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Habit: Annual [perennial herb]; sap white, orange, or red. Leaf: basal and cauline [or basal], deeply pinnate-lobed, glabrous or hairy, glaucous or not. Inflorescence: axillary or terminal, 1-flowered. Flower: bud nodding; sepals 2, shed at flower; petals generally 4, free, obovate to wedge-shaped, white to red or purple; stamens many, free; placentas 4--20, style 0(1), stigma disk- or head-like, lobes 4--20. Fruit: dehiscent by pores below stigma. Seed: many, < 0.7 mm, reniform, net-ridged, brown or black. Etymology: (Latin: poppy) Note:Papaver dubium L. (fruit +- oblong, glabrous; peduncle hairs near flower appressed, stiff), perhaps in California as waif. eFlora Treatment Author: Gary L. Hannan
Papaver heterophyllum (Benth.) Greene
NATIVE Habit: Plant 30--60 cm; sap yellow. Leaf: basal and cauline, 2--12 cm, deeply pinnate-lobed, glabrous to sparsely hairy, petioled; 1° lobes toothed or lobed. Inflorescence: axillary, 1-flowered; peduncle 5--20 cm. Flower: sepals 4--10 mm; petals 10--20 mm, wedge-shaped, orange-red, purple-spotted at base, shed after flower; filaments purple, anthers yellow; carpels 4--11, style 1, slender, stigma head-like, lobes 4--11. Fruit: 1--2 cm, obconic to obovate. Seed: many, 0.4 mm, reniform, rough-net-ridged, brown or black. Chromosomes: 2n=56. Ecology: Grassy areas, openings in chaparral; Elevation: < 1500 m. Bioregional Distribution: s NW, c&s SNF, SnJV, CW, SW; Distribution Outside California: northern Baja California. Flowering Time: Apr--May Synonyms: Stylomecon heterophylla (Benth.) G. Taylor Jepson eFlora Author: Gary L. Hannan Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Papaver californicum Next taxon: Papaver hybridum
Botanical illustration including Papaver heterophyllum
Citation for this treatment: Gary L. Hannan 2012, Papaver heterophyllum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=86377, accessed on April 16, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 16, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
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