Common Name: FOUR O'CLOCK FAMILY Habit: Annual, perennial herb, subshrub, [shrub, tree], glabrous or hairy. Stem: often forked. Leaf: opposite, sessile or petioled, pairs generally unequal; blade generally entire. Inflorescence: generally forked; spike, head-like cluster, or umbel, flowers rarely 1, bracts forming a calyx-like involucre or not. Flower: bisexual, generally +- radial (bilateral), sometimes cleistogamous in some genera; perianth of 1 whorl, generally petal-like, bell- to trumpet-shaped, base hardened, tightly surrounding ovary in fruit, lobes 3--5, generally notched to +- lobed; stamens 1--many; ovary superior (appearing inferior due to hardened perianth base), style 1. Fruit: achene in hardened perianth base; round to +- flat; smooth, angled, ribbed, or winged; glabrous, hairy, or glandular. Genera In Family: 30 genera, 350 species: warm regions, especially America; some ornamental (Bougainvillea; Mirabilis, four o'clock). eFlora Treatment Author: Andy Murdock, except as noted Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Common Name: SPIDERLING Habit: Annual, perennial herb. Stem: prostrate to erect; internode often with sticky region. Leaf: petioled; blade 1--6 cm, paler beneath, often brown-dotted. Inflorescence: panicle-like, branches ending in umbel, spike-like raceme, or paired or solitary flowers; bracts 1--3, free, not forming involucre. Flower: closing by evening; perianth bell-shaped, tube < 5 mm, limb < 3 mm; stamens 1--5; stigma +- spheric, generally exserted. Fruit: < 4 mm, club-shaped; ribs 4--5; wings 0. Etymology: (H. Boerhaave, Dutch botanist, 1668--1738) eFlora Treatment Author: Andy Murdock Reference: Spellenberg 2003 FNANM 4:17--28; Spellenberg 2012 Phytoneuron 2012-88: 1--2
Boerhavia triquetra S. Watson var. intermedia (M.E. Jones) Spellenb.
NATIVE Habit: Annual. Stem: ascending or erect, 2--5 dm; hairs fine, sparse. Leaf: blade broadly lanceolate or ovate, acute to obtuse. Inflorescence: generally umbel of 3--6(8) flowers or flowers 1 or paired. Flower: 1.5--2 mm; perianth pale pink to white. Fruit: 2--2.7 mm, glabrous, length 3 × width; ribs (3)5, rounded to angled; tip +- truncate to abruptly rounded. Ecology: Gravelly washes, flats; Elevation: < 1300 m. Bioregional Distribution: e PR, e DMtns (Ivanpah Mtns, Clark Mtn, Kingston ranges), se DMoj exc DMtns, e DSon; Distribution Outside California: to Texas, Mexico. Flowering Time: Aug--Oct Note: In northern Mexico, less so in California, intergrading with Boerhavia triquetra S. Watson var. triquetra of Mexico; easily confused with Boerhavia erecta L. (fruit 3--4.5 mm), widespread in tropical America, expected as agricultural weed in California near Mexico. Synonyms: Boerhavia intermedia M.E. Jones Unabridged Note: In northern Mexico, less so in California, poorly distinguished from, intergrading with B. triquetra S. Watson var. triquetra of Mexico (flowers generally 1 or paired; fruit length 2 × width, ribs 3, rarely 4, sharp, tip truncate); easily confused with Boerhavia erecta L. (fruit 3--4.5 mm), widespread in tropical America, expected as agricultural weed in California near Mexico. Jepson eFlora Author: Andy Murdock Reference: Spellenberg 2003 FNANM 4:17--28; Spellenberg 2012 Phytoneuron 2012-88: 1--2 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Boerhavia diffusa Next taxon: Boerhavia wrightii
Botanical illustration including Boerhavia triquetra var. intermedia
Citation for this treatment: Andy Murdock 2019, Boerhavia triquetra var. intermedia, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 7, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=85884, accessed on April 18, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 18, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Boerhavia triquetra var. intermedia:
e PR, e DMtns (Ivanpah Mtns, Clark Mtn, Kingston ranges), se DMoj exc DMtns, e DSon
MAP CONTROLS 1. You can change the display of the base map layer control box in the upper right-hand corner.
2. County and Jepson Region polygons can be turned off and on using the check boxes.
(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
READ ABOUT YELLOW FLAGS
CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
