Common Name: ROSE FAMILY
Habit: Annual to tree, glandular or not. Leaf: simple to palmately or pinnately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused (0), persistent to deciduous. Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, cluster, or flowers 1; bractlets on pedicel ("pedicel bractlets") generally 0--3(many), subtended by bract or generally not. Flower: generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, subtending bractlets ("hypanthium bractlets") 0--5, alternate sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0,1)5--many, anther pollen sacs generally 2; pistils (0)1--many, simple or compound, ovary superior to inferior, styles 1--5. Fruit: 1--many per flower, achene (fleshy-coated or not), follicle, drupe, or pome with generally papery core, occasionally drupe-like with 1--5 stones. Seed: generally 1--5 (per fruit, not per flower).
Genera In Family: 110 genera, +- 3000 species: worldwide, especially temperate; many cultivated for ornament, fruit, especially Cotoneaster, Fragaria, Malus, Prunus, Pyracantha, Rosa, Rubus. Note: Number of teeth is per leaf or leaflet, not per side of leaf or leaflet, except in Drymocallis.
eFlora Treatment Author: Daniel Potter & Barbara Ertter, family description, key to genera, treatment of genera by Daniel Potter, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Daniel Potter, Thomas J. Rosatti.

Habit: Shrub to vine, often thicket-forming, generally prickly. Leaf: generally odd-pinnately compound; stipules generally attached to petiole, generally gland-margined. Inflorescence: generally +- cyme or flowers 1; pedicel bractlets 0. Flower: hypanthium urn-shaped, bractlets 0; sepals often with long expanded tip; petals generally 5 (except cultivated), generally pink in California (white to red or yellow); stamens generally > 20; pistils generally many, ovaries superior, styles attached at tip, generally hairy. Fruit: bony achenes generally enclosed in fleshy, generally +- red hypanthium (hip).
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name) Note: Species hybridize freely; other non-natives established locally. FNANM treatment by Lewis & Ertter uses both subspecies and varieties, the latter mostly reserved for localized variants within a subspecies; 2 varieties in Rosa woodsii subsp. gratissima treated here but not in TJM2 (2012).
eFlora Treatment Author: Barbara Ertter
Reference: Ertter & Lewis 2008 Madroño 55:170--177
Unabridged Reference: Lewis & Ertter 2007 Novon 17:342--353

Habit: Shrub or thicket-forming, generally 5--20 dm. Stem: prickles paired or not, 10--20 mm, generally +- compressed and thick-based, +- straight to +- curved. Leaf: axis +- hairy, glandular; leaflets generally 5--7, sparsely hairy; terminal leaflet +- 15--50(60) mm, +- wide-elliptic to -ovate, widest at or below middle, tip +- obtuse. Inflorescence: generally 1(6)-flowered; pedicels generally +- 10--20 mm, variously glabrous, hairy, and/or glandular. Flower: hypanthium generally 5--7 mm wide at flower, glabrous, glandular or not, neck 3--6 mm wide; sepals generally glandular, entire, tip generally > body, toothed; petals 15--25 mm, pink; pistils generally 30--60. Fruit: (10)13--20 mm wide, generally +- spheric; sepals generally erect, +- persistent; achenes generally 4.5--6 mm. Chromosomes: n=21.