Common Name: SUMAC or CASHEW FAMILY Habit: Shrub, tree; generally dioecious or flowers bisexual and unisexual; resin clear, often weathering black, generally aromatic, latex milky or 0. Leaf: simple to ternate- or odd-pinnate-compound, alternate, deciduous or evergreen; stipules 0. Inflorescence: raceme or panicle; flowers generally many. Flower: generally unisexual, radial; sepals generally 5, base generally +- fused; petals 5, generally > sepals, free; (perianth parts 1--7 in Pistacia); stamens 4--7 or 10, vestigial in pistillate flowers; ovary superior, vestigial or 0 in staminate flowers, subtended by +- lobed, disk-like nectary, chamber generally 1, ovule generally 1, styles 1--3. Fruit: drupe, generally +- flat, sticky or not, hairs short or 0; pulp +- resinous, aromatic or not. Genera In Family: 70+ genera, +- 850 species: tropics, warm temperate; some ornamental (Rhus, Schinus), cultivated for fruit (Anacardium, cashew; Mangifera, mango; Pistacia, pistachio). Toxicity: TOXIC: many genera produce contact dermatitis. eFlora Treatment Author: John M. Miller & Dieter H. Wilken, except as noted Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Common Name: POISON OAK, POISON IVY Habit: Shrub, vine-like or not; generally dioecious. Leaf: +- resinous; leaflets 3--9, thin to +- leathery, entire, toothed, or lobed. Inflorescence: raceme or panicle, axillary, +- open; flowers pedicelled. Flower: stamens 5, vestigial in pistillate flowers; styles +- fused, stigmas 3. Fruit: generally spheric, papery or leathery in age, cream to brown; pulp resinous. Etymology: (Latin: poisonous tree) Toxicity: TOXIC: resin on leaves, stems, fruits causes severe contact dermatitis; one of the most hazardous plants in California. Unabridged Reference: Yi et al. 2007 Syst Bot 32:379--391; Pell 2004 Ph.D. Dissertation, Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge; Cronquist et al. 1997 Anacardiaceae In: Intermountain Flora 3A: 313--317; Wannan & Quinn 1991 Bot J Linn Soc 107:349--385; Wannan & Quinn 1990 Bot J Linn Soc 103:225--252; Ibe & Leis 1979 Bull Torrey Bot Club 106:140--144; Gillis 1971 Rhodora 73:72--159, 161--237, 370--443, 465--540
Toxicodendron diversilobum (Torr. & A. Gray) Greene
NATIVE Habit: Shrub, 0.5--4 m, or vine-like, < 25 m. Stem: twigs gray- to red-brown, tapered, hairs 0 to sparse. Leaf: petiole 1--10 cm; leaflets 3(5), +- round to oblong, entire, wavy, or +- lobed, thin to +- leathery, bright red in fall, adaxially glabrous, shiny, abaxially sparse-short-hairy, base truncate to rounded, tip obtuse to rounded; terminal leaflet 1--13 cm, 1--8 cm wide, lateral 1--7 cm, 1--6 cm wide. Inflorescence: branches loose, generally arched, slender; pedicels 2--8 mm; bractlets < 1 mm. Flower: sepals green; petals > sepals, generally ovate, yellow- to white-green. Fruit: 1.5--6 mm diam, spheric to +- compressed, glabrous to fine-bristly, creamy white, in age leathery; pulp white, black-striate. Chromosomes: 2n=30. Ecology: Canyons, slopes, chaparral, coastal scrub, oak woodland; Elevation: < 2000 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP; Distribution Outside California: to British Columbia, western Nevada, northern Baja California. Flowering Time: Apr--Jun Synonyms: Rhus diversiloba Torr. & A. Gray Unabridged Note: A related sp., Toxicodendron rydbergii (Small ex Rydb.) Greene, occurs in southeastern Oregon, Nevada, Utah, western Arizona. Jepson eFlora Author: John M. Miller & Dieter H. Wilken Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Toxicodendron Next taxon: Apiaceae (Umbelliferae)
Botanical illustration including Toxicodendron diversilobum
Citation for this treatment: John M. Miller & Dieter H. Wilken 2012, Toxicodendron diversilobum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=46791, accessed on April 19, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
