Common Name: MADDER FAMILY Habit: Annual to tree, vine. Leaf: generally opposite (whorled), entire; stipules generally fused to stem, adjacent pairs occasionally fused, or occasionally leaf-like and appearing like whorled leaves. Inflorescence: cyme, panicle, spike, cluster, or flower 1, generally terminal and +- axillary. Flower: generally bisexual; calyx +- 4(5)-lobed, occasionally 0 (Galium, Crucianella) or 6 (Sherardia); corolla generally radial, 4(5)-lobed; stamens epipetalous, alternate corolla lobes, generally included; ovary generally inferior, chambers generally 2 or 4, style 1(2). Fruit: drupe, berry, or 2 or 4 nutlets [capsule]. Genera In Family: +- 500 genera, 6000 species: worldwide, especially tropics; many cultivated, including Coffea, coffee; Cinchona, quinine; many ornamental. Note:Diodia teres Walter doubtfully in California. eFlora Treatment Author: Robert E. Preston & Lauramay T. Dempster, except as noted Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: BEDSTRAW Habit: Annual, perennial herb, occasionally subshrub, glabrous to hairy, generally scabrous; dioecious, bisexual, or flowers unisexual and bisexual. Stem: 4-angled, occasionally ridged lengthwise. Leaf: generally in whorls of >= 4, including leaf-like stipules. Inflorescence: panicles, axillary clusters (cymes), or occasionally 1 in axils. Flower: bisexual, or unisexual with sterile stamens or pistils; calyx 0; corolla generally rotate, occasionally +- bell-shaped, generally +- green, yellow to white, occasionally pink or red, lobes generally 4; ovary 2-lobed, styles 2, bases +- fused. Fruit: 2 nutlets or berry. Etymology: (Greek: milk, from use of some species for curdling) Note: Ovary and fruit generally +- equally hairy on a pl; staminate plants generally identified by vestigial ovaries, pistillate plants generally by vestigial anthers. Galium saxatile L., Galium schultesii Vest, and Galium verum L. are lawn weeds in California. eFlora Treatment Author: Valerie Soza Reference: Dempster 1978 Univ Calif Publ Bot 73:1--33; Soza & Olmstead 2010 Amer J Bot 97:1630--1646 Unabridged Reference: Dempster 1973 Univ Calif Publ Bot 64:1--36; Dempster & Ehrendorfer 1965 Brittonia 17:289--334; Dempster & Stebbins 1968 Univ Calif Publ Bot 46:1--52; Dempster & Stebbins 1971 Madroño 21:71--95
Galium aparine L.
NATIVE Habit: Annual, climbing or prostrate, occasionally short, erect; clings by small, hooked prickles. Stem: 3--9 dm, weak, brittle. Leaf: in whorls of 6--8, 13--31 mm, proximal-most petioled, +- round, distal sessile, +- narrowly oblanceolate. Inflorescence: flowers few on branchlets in most axils. Flower: bisexual; corolla rotate, +- white. Fruit: nutlets; hairs many, short, hooked. Chromosomes: 2n=20,22,42,44,63,64,66,+-86,88. Ecology: Grassy, +- shady places; Elevation: 30--1500 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA (exc DSon); Distribution Outside California: to Alaska, eastern North America; Europe. Flowering Time: Mar--Jul Note: Weedy in gardens; if recognized taxonomically, small plants with slender, pointed leaves, +- yellow petals assignable to Galium spurium L. Jepson eFlora Author: Valerie Soza Reference: Dempster 1978 Univ Calif Publ Bot 73:1--33; Soza & Olmstead 2010 Amer J Bot 97:1630--1646 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Galium angustifolium subsp. onycense Next taxon: Galium argense
Citation for this treatment: Valerie Soza 2012, Galium aparine, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=26304, accessed on April 16, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 16, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Galium aparine:
CA (exc DSon)
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
