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Eremocarya lepida

MOUNTAIN RED-ROOT


Higher Taxonomy
Family: BoraginaceaeView DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: BORAGE FAMILY
Habit: Annual, perennial herb, or shrub, often bristly or sharp-hairy. Stem: prostrate-decumbent to erect. Leaf: basal and/or cauline, simple, generally alternate, sometimes opposite, especially at base. Inflorescence: cymes, arranged singly or in groups of 2--5, generally coiled in flower, generally elongating in fruit. Flower: bisexual, generally radial; sepals 5, free or fused at least at base; corolla 5-lobed, salverform, funnel-shaped, rotate, or bell-shaped, appendages (often called "fornices") 0 or 5 at top of tube, when present often differentially pigmented, alternate stamens; stamens epipetalous; ovary superior, 4-lobed, style 1, entire or minutely 2-lobed (2-branched). Fruit: nutlets 1--4, when > 1, all similar (often called "homomorphic") or 1 or 2 dissimilar in size and/or shape from the others (often called "heteromorphic"), free (fused), smooth to roughened, prickly or bristly or not.
Genera In Family: +- 90 genera, +- 1600--1700 species: mostly temperate, especially western North America, Mediterranean; some cultivated (Borago, Echium, Myosotis, Symphytum). Toxicity: Many genera may be TOXIC from pyrrolizidine alkaloids or accumulated nitrates. Note: Sometimes still treated in broader sense of TJM2 (e.g., APG IV 2016 Bot J Linn Soc 181:1--20), but recent evidence (Luebert et al. 2016) supports segregation, for our flora, of the families Ehretiaceae, Heliotropiaceae, Hydrophyllaceae, Lennoaceae, and Namaceae.
eFlora Treatment Author: Michael G. Simpson, C. Matt Guilliams, Kristen Hasenstab-Lehman & Ronald B. Kelley
Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin, C. Matt Guilliams, Kristen Hasenstab-Lehman, David J. Keil, Ronald B. Kelley, Robert W. Patterson, Thomas J. Rosatti & Michael G. Simpson
Genus: EremocaryaView DescriptionDichotomous Key


Habit: Annual, 2.5--15+ cm, open, +- cushion-like; root, stem base red-purple. Stem: few to much branched +- throughout, branches ascending to erect, thread-like, strigose. Leaf: crowded at stem base and inflorescence, alternate, sessile; blade linear, oblong, or oblanceolate, entire. Inflorescence: flowers axillary on distal cyme axes or in branch forks, densely branched; inflorescence and flower bracts throughout; pedicel 0.5--0.8 mm, angled upward to horizontal. Flower: calyx +- 1--1.5 mm, 1.8--2.5 mm in fruit, +- persistent, sepals free to base, linear-oblong, hirsute; corolla limb 0.5--4 mm diam. Fruit: nutlets (3)4, 1--1.4 mm, +- lanceolate to lance-ovate, white-papillate or smooth, +- shiny, margin rounded, base rounded; abaxially rounded, ridge 0; adaxially +- flat, attachment scar edges narrow-gapped entire length, +- flared at base; style extended beyond nutlets.
Etymology: (Greek: desert nut) Note: A segregate of Cryptantha strongly supported as a separate lineage by molecular phylogenetic studies (Hasenstab-Lehman & Simpson 2012; Simpson et al. 2017).
eFlora Treatment Author: Michael G. Simpson & Ronald B. Kelley
Unabridged Reference: Johnston 1925 Contr Gray Herbarium 74:1--125; Higgins 1971 Brigham Young Sci Bull Biol Ser 13:1--63, 1979 Great Basin Naturalist 39:293--350; Simpson & Hasenstab 2009 Crossosoma 35:1--59; Hasenstab-Lehman & Simpson 2012 Syst Bot 37:738--757; Simpson et al. 2014 Madroño 61:259--275; Simpson et al. 2016 Madroño 63:39--54; Simpson et al. 2017 Taxon 66:1406--1420
Eremocarya lepida (A. Gray) Greene
NATIVE
Habit: Plant 8--15+ cm, generally taller than wide. Stem: branches from base few, erect. Flower: corolla limb 1.8--4 mm diam, center yellow, appendages prominent, yellow. Fruit: Nutlets 1.2--1.4(1.6) mm, acuminate. Chromosomes: 2n=24.
Ecology: Mtn slopes, flats, valleys, granite-based gravelly soils, generally conifer forest, also chaparral, foothill woodland, Joshua-tree woodland; Elevation: 300--2800 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SN, Teh, TR, PR, n SNE; Distribution Outside California: Baja California. Flowering Time: Mar--Aug Note: Previously treated as a variety of E. micrantha; warrants species status based on corolla and nutlet morphology (Simpson et al. 2014).
Synonyms: Cryptantha micrantha (Torr.) I.M. Johnst. var. lepida (A. Gray) I.M. Johnst.
Jepson eFlora Author: Michael G. Simpson & Ronald B. Kelley
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

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Citation for this treatment: Michael G. Simpson & Ronald B. Kelley 2021, Eremocarya lepida, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 9, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=99770, accessed on November 05, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on November 05, 2024.

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Geographic subdivisions for Eremocarya lepida:
s SN, Teh, TR, PR, n SNE
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).