Higher Taxonomy
Common Name: MINT FAMILY Habit: Annual to shrub [tree, vine], glabrous to hairy, generally aromatic. Stem: generally erect, generally 4-angled. Leaf: generally simple to deeply lobed, generally opposite, generally gland-dotted. Inflorescence: generally cymes, generally many in dense axillary clusters surrounding stem, generally separated by evident internodes or collectively crowded, spike- or panicle-like, occasionally head-like or raceme, subtended by leaves or bracts; flowers sessile or pedicelled. Flower: generally bisexual; calyx generally 5-lobed, radial to bilateral; corolla generally bilateral, 1--2-lipped, upper lip entire or 2-lobed, +- flat to hood-like, occasionally 0, lower lip generally 3-lobed; stamens generally 4, epipetalous, generally exserted, paired, pairs generally unequal, occasionally 2, staminodes 2 or 0; ovary superior, generally 4-lobed to base chambers 2, ovules 2 per chamber, style 1, generally arising from center at junction of lobes, stigmas generally 2. Fruit: generally 4 nutlets, generally ovoid to oblong, smooth. Genera In Family: +- 230 genera, 7200 species: worldwide. Many cultivated for herbs, oils (Lavandula, lavender; Mentha, mint; Rosmarinus, rosemary; Thymus, thyme), some cultivated as ornamental (in California Cedronella, Leonotis, Monarda, Phlomis). Note: Moluccella laevis L., shell flower, historical waif in California. Satureja calamintha (L.) Scheele subsp. ascendens (Jordan) Briq. reported as alien but not naturalized. Salazaria moved to Scutellaria; California Hyptis moved to Condea, California Satureja moved to Clinopodium. eFlora Treatment Author: Dieter H. Wilken & Margriet Wetherwax, family description, key to genera, except as noted Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
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Prunella
Habit: Perennial herb, glabrous to hairy. Stem: prostrate to erect, proximal nodes occasionally rooting. Leaf: basal and cauline, generally petioled; blade generally entire. Inflorescence: densely clustered, +- spike-like, terminal; bract generally wide, abruptly acuminate. Flower: generally bisexual, occasionally only pistillate; calyx 2-lipped, upper lip = lower, upper lip 3-toothed, lower 2-lobed; corolla finely hairy inside, 2-lipped, lower lip 3-lobed, upper lip +- entire, hood-like, +- enclosing stamens; stamens 4, lower pair > upper, filaments minutely toothed below anthers. Fruit: nutlets obovoid. Species In Genus: 4 species: temperate, especially Eurasia. Etymology: (Latin: from early German name for plant used to treat chest pains) Jepson eFlora Author: John M. Miller & Dieter H. Wilken Reference: Trusty et al. 2004 Syst Bot 29:702--715 Unabridged Reference: Wagstaff et al. 1998 Pl Syst Evol 209:265--274Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)
Previous taxon: Poliomintha incanaNext taxon: Prunella vulgaris
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Citation for this treatment: John M. Miller & Dieter H. Wilken 2012, Prunella, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=9483, accessed on April 19, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.
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