Common Name: BROOMRAPE FAMILY Habit: Annual, perennial herb, shrub; often glandular; root-parasites, roots modified into absorptive structures. Stem: generally round in ×-section. Leaf: generally simple, generally alternate, reduced to +- fleshy scales in non-green plants lacking chlorophyll; stipules generally 0. Inflorescence: spike to panicle, generally bracted, or flowers 1--2 in axils. Flower: bisexual; calyx lobes 0--5; corolla generally strongly bilateral, generally 2-lipped (upper lip generally 2-lobed, lower lip generally 3-lobed), abaxial lobes outside other lobes in bud; stamens epipetalous, 4 in 2 pairs (sometimes 1 pair sterile), additional staminode 0(1), anther sacs unequal; ovary superior, chambers 1--2, placentas 2--4, parietal, style 1, stigma lobes 0 or 2. Fruit: capsule, generally +- ovoid, loculicidal, valves 2--4. Seed: many, small, angled; surface smooth or netted. Genera In Family: +- 100 genera, 2060 species: worldwide, especially northern temperate and Africa. Note: High yield losses in many crops caused by Orobanche and Phelipanche species in Africa, Mediterranean, Middle East, and eastern Europe. Taxa of Orobanche in TJM2 treated here in Aphyllon and Phelipanche. eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax, except as noted Scientific Editor: Robert W. Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Etymology: (Latin: 2-forked calyx) Note: Formerly included in Cordylanthus. Close to Chloropyron, together forming the Pseudocordylanthus clade (see Tank et al. 2009), distinguished by inflorescence, calyx, stamens, and ecology. eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax & David C. Tank Reference: Tank et al. 2009 Syst Bot 34:182--197 Unabridged Reference: Gray 1883 Proc Amer Acad Arts 19:1--94; Tank & Olmstead 2008 Amer J Bot 95: 608--625
Dicranostegia orcuttiana (A. Gray) Pennell
NATIVE Habit: Annual, green, often red-tinged, 10--50 cm, generally much-branched, +- stiff-hairy; roots +- yellow. Leaf: alternate, sessile, (2)3--6(8) cm, pinnately 8--11 lobed. Inflorescence: elongated spike, 2--10 cm, dense, subtended by +- leaf-like outer bracts; inner bracts 15--25 mm, 3--7-lobed, lance-oblong. Flower: calyx sheath-like, +- 1/2 corolla, divided > 1/2, cut abaxially to base; corolla 18--25 mm, club-shaped, white, yellow-tipped, tubular proximally, expanded laterally, upper lip folded lengthwise, tip rounded, closed, opening directed downward forming a hood enclosing anthers and style, lower lip < upper, densely white-bearded, obscurely 3-lobed, middle lobe erect, not rolled under; fertile stamens 2, anther sacs 2 per stamen, widely separated, sterile stamens reduced to rudimentary filaments or bearing sterile, long-hairy, appendages; ovary 2-chambered, glabrous, style elongate, bent near tip, stigma barely exserted. Seed: attached at side, 30--40, 1--1.5 mm, seed coat netted, tight-fitting, wavy-crested, dark brown. Chromosomes: 2n=32. Ecology: Coastal scrub; Elevation: < 350 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SCo (sw San Diego Co.); Distribution Outside California: northern Baja California. Flowering Time: Mar--Aug Note: Threatened by urbanization. Synonyms: Cordylanthus orcuttianus A. Gray Jepson eFlora Author: Margriet Wetherwax & David C. Tank Reference: Tank et al. 2009 Syst Bot 34:182--197 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Listed on CNPS Rare Plant Inventory Previous taxon: Dicranostegia Next taxon: Kopsiopsis
Botanical illustration including Dicranostegia orcuttiana
Citation for this treatment: Margriet Wetherwax & David C. Tank 2012, Dicranostegia orcuttiana, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=93773, accessed on April 19, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.
No expert verified images found for Dicranostegia orcuttiana.
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