Common Name: MINT FAMILY Habit: Annual to shrub [tree, vine], glabrous to hairy, generally aromatic. Stem: generally erect, generally 4-angled. Leaf: generally simple to deeply lobed, generally opposite, generally gland-dotted. Inflorescence: generally cymes, generally many in dense axillary clusters surrounding stem, generally separated by evident internodes or collectively crowded, spike- or panicle-like, occasionally head-like or raceme, subtended by leaves or bracts; flowers sessile or pedicelled. Flower: generally bisexual; calyx generally 5-lobed, radial to bilateral; corolla generally bilateral, 1--2-lipped, upper lip entire or 2-lobed, +- flat to hood-like, occasionally 0, lower lip generally 3-lobed; stamens generally 4, epipetalous, generally exserted, paired, pairs generally unequal, occasionally 2, staminodes 2 or 0; ovary superior, generally 4-lobed to base chambers 2, ovules 2 per chamber, style 1, generally arising from center at junction of lobes, stigmas generally 2. Fruit: generally 4 nutlets, generally ovoid to oblong, smooth. Genera In Family: +- 230 genera, 7200 species: worldwide. Many cultivated for herbs, oils (Lavandula, lavender; Mentha, mint; Rosmarinus, rosemary; Thymus, thyme), some cultivated as ornamental (in California Cedronella, Leonotis, Monarda, Phlomis). Note:Moluccella laevis L., shell flower, historical waif in California. Satureja calamintha (L.) Scheele subsp. ascendens (Jordan) Briq. reported as alien but not naturalized. Salazaria moved to Scutellaria; California Hyptis moved to Condea, California Satureja moved to Clinopodium. eFlora Treatment Author: Dieter H. Wilken & Margriet Wetherwax, family description, key to genera, except as noted Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: SKULLCAP Habit: Perennial herb or shrub, generally hairy, occasionally glandular, from rhizomes or tubers. Stem: erect, branched or not. Leaf: basal and cauline; proximal generally petioled; distal cauline +- sessile. Inflorescence: flower 1--2 per leaf axil, or appearing as a bracted raceme. Flower: calyx 2-lipped, lips +- equal, enclosing nutlets, back of upper lip dome-like or transversely ridged, generally concave-depressed behind ridge; corolla 2-lipped, white to violet-blue, upper lip < lower, +- entire, hood-like, lower lip 3-lobed; stamens 4, pairs +- equal, enclosed by upper corolla lip, anthers ciliate, lower 2 1-chambered; disk below ovary generally green-yellow. Fruit: generally ovoid, generally minutely papillate, brown or black. Etymology: (Latin: tray, from calyx dome or ridge) Note:Salazaria occasionally treated as separate genus. eFlora Treatment Author: Richard G. Olmstead Reference: Olmstead 1990 Contr Univ Michigan Herb 17:223--265 Unabridged Reference: Paton 1990 Kew Bull 45:399--450; Wagstaff et al. 1998 Pl Syst Evol 209:265--274
Scutellaria mexicana (Torr.) A.J. Paton
NATIVE Habit: Shrub, 5--10(15) dm, +- rounded, branched. Stem: lateral branches spreading, rigid, tips spine-like in age; twigs +- canescent. Leaf: short-petioled to +- sessile; blade 3--15(20) mm, 2--8 mm wide, generally ovate to elliptic, base rounded, margin entire, glabrous to puberulent. Inflorescence: axillary at distal 3--10 nodes; flowers 2; axis finely glandular-puberulent; bracts 0. Flower: 2-lipped; calyx lobes +- equal, entire, +- purple, 1--2 cm in age, bladder-like in fruit; corolla 15--25 mm, upper lip +- entire, white to light violet, lower lip +- 3 lobed, violet to purple; stamens 4, generally enclosed by upper lip, lower stamen pair < upper pair, anthers ciliate. Fruit: nutlets, widely ovoid, short-stalked, tubercled. Ecology: Sandy to gravelly slopes, washes, scrub, woodland; Elevation: < 1900 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SNE, D; Distribution Outside California: to Utah, Texas, northern Mexico. Flowering Time: Mar--Jun Synonyms: Salazaria mexicana Torr. Jepson eFlora Author: Richard G. Olmstead Reference: Olmstead 1990 Contr Univ Michigan Herb 17:223--265 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Scutellaria lateriflora Next taxon: Scutellaria nana
Botanical illustration including Scutellaria mexicana
Citation for this treatment: Richard G. Olmstead 2012, Scutellaria mexicana, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=91784, accessed on December 03, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 03, 2024.
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