Habit: Rhizome 0 or generally with scale-like leaves.
Stem: generally cylindric or flat.
Leaf: blade well developed and cylindric or flat, occasionally closely resembling stem, or reduced to small point; crosswalls generally present; appendages generally present at blade-sheath junction.
Inflorescence: generally terminal, appearing lateral when pushed aside by inflorescence bract; bractlets 0--2.
Flower: sepals, petals similar; stamens generally 3 or 6(2); pistil 1, ovary chambers 1--3, placentas axile or parietal, stigmas generally 3(2).
Seed: many.
Species In Genus: 315 species: worldwide, especially northern hemisphere.
Etymology: (Latin: to join or bind, from use of stems)
Note: All species with leaf crosswalls may have leaves, stems swollen, deformed by sucking insects. Fruiting time given instead of flowering time. Plants included in TJM2 as
Juncus brachyphyllus now treated in California as a new species,
Juncus trilocularis (Zika 2012 Rhodora 114:309--329);
Juncus bulbosus,
Juncus dichotomus, and
Juncus elliottii, only noted as naturalized in TJM2, now fully treated.
Jepson eFlora Author: Peter F. Zika
Reference: [Ertter 1986 Mem New York Bot Gard 39:1--90]
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)Key to Juncus
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