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Quercus berberidifolia

SCRUB OAK


Higher Taxonomy
Family: FagaceaeView DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: OAK FAMILY
Habit: Shrub, tree, evergreen or not; monoecious. Leaf: simple, alternate, petioled; margin entire to lobed; stipules small, generally deciduous. Staminate Inflorescence: catkin or stiff spike, many-flowered. Pistillate Inflorescence: 1--few-flowered, generally above staminate inflorescence; involucre bracts many, generally overlapping, flat or cylindric. Staminate Flower: calyx generally 4--6-lobed, minute; petals 0; stamens 4--12+. Pistillate Flower: calyx generally 6-lobed, minute; petals 0; ovary inferior, style branches generally 3. Fruit: 1 nut subtended, partly enclosed by scaly, cup-like involucre or 1--3 nuts subtended, enclosed by spiny, bur-like involucre; mature years 1--2. Seed: generally 1.
Genera In Family: 7 genera, +- 900 species: generally northern hemisphere. Note: Wood of Quercus critical for pre-20th century ship-building, charcoal for metallurgy; some now supply wood (Fagus, Quercus), cork (Quercus suber), food (Castanea, chestnut). Lithocarpus densiflorus moved to Notholithocarpus.
eFlora Treatment Author: John M. Tucker, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Genus: QuercusView DescriptionDichotomous Key


Common Name: OAK
Habit: Evergreen or not. Leaf: stipules small, generally early-deciduous. Staminate Inflorescence: catkins, 1--several, pendent, slender, proximal on twig. Pistillate Inflorescence: in distal leaf axils, short-stalked; flower generally 1. Staminate Flower: stamens 4--10. Pistillate Flower: calyx minute, generally 6-lobed; ovary enclosed by involucre. Fruit: nut 1, partly enclosed by cup-like involucre (cup) with appressed scales (nut and cup = acorn), remnants of perianth and style persistent as small point at tip; scales tubercled to not; mature in years 1 (on younger stems) or 2 (on older stems). Chromosomes: 2n=24.
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name for oak) Note: Many named hybrids; those (3) treated here form widespread populations; most others occur as single individuals, and some but not all of these are mentioned here, under the first parent treated (alphabetically). Reproduction of many species declining due to habitat degradation or loss as well as disease. Quercus robur added, as waif.
eFlora Treatment Author: Thomas J. Rosatti & John M. Tucker
Reference: Manos et al. 1999 Molec Phylogen Evol 12:333--349
Unabridged Reference: Cottam, W. P., J. M. Tucker, & F. S. Santamour. 1982. Oak hybridization at the University of Utah. State Arboretum of Utah Publication No. 1. Salt Lake City; Hardin, J. W. 1975. Hybridization and introgression in Quercus alba. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 56: 336--363; Manos, P. S., Doyle, J. J., & Nixon, K. C. 1999. Phylogeny, biogeography, and processes of molecular differentiation of Quercus subgenus Quercus (Fagaceae). Molec Phylogen Evol 12: 333--349.
Quercus berberidifolia Liebm.
NATIVE
Habit: Shrub 1--3 m or small tree to 8+ m, evergreen. Leaf: 1.5--3 cm; petiole 2--4 mm; blade oblong, elliptic, or +- round, adaxially +- flat to wavy, +- shiny, green, abaxially with minute appressed stellate hairs, dull, pale green, tip generally rounded, margin mucro- or spine-toothed. Fruit: cup 12--20 mm wide, 5--10 mm deep, hemispheric to bowl-shaped, thick, scales tubercled; nut 10--30 mm, generally ovoid, distally obtuse to rounded, shell glabrous inside; mature in year 1.
Ecology: Dry slopes, chaparral; Elevation: 100--1800 m. Bioregional Distribution: KR, NCoR, CaRH, SNF, Teh, ScV (Sutter Buttes), CW, SW; Distribution Outside California: Baja California. Flowering Time: Feb--Apr Note: Hybridizes with Quercus durata, Quercus engelmannii, Quercus garryana (Quercus ×howellii J.M. Tucker), Quercus john-tuckeri, Quercus lobata.
Jepson eFlora Author: Thomas J. Rosatti & John M. Tucker
Reference: Manos et al. 1999 Molec Phylogen Evol 12:333--349
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

Previous taxon: Quercus ×alvordiana
Next taxon: Quercus cedrosensis

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Citation for this treatment: Thomas J. Rosatti & John M. Tucker 2014, Quercus berberidifolia, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 2, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=76903, accessed on December 02, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 02, 2024.

Quercus berberidifolia
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©2015 Keir Morse
Quercus berberidifolia
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©2020 Neal Kramer
Quercus berberidifolia
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©2023 Neal Kramer
Quercus berberidifolia
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©2020 Neal Kramer
Quercus berberidifolia
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©2008 Keir Morse

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Geographic subdivisions for Quercus berberidifolia:
KR, NCoR, CaRH, SNF, Teh, ScV (Sutter Buttes), CW, SW
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).