Common Name: EVENING-PRIMROSE FAMILY Habit: Annual to perennial herb (to tree). Leaf: cauline or basal, alternate, opposite, or whorled, generally simple and toothed (to pinnately compound); stipules 0 or generally deciduous. Inflorescence: spike, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1 in axils; bracted. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, often opening at either dawn or dusk; hypanthium generally prolonged beyond ovary (measured from ovary tip to sepal base); sepals 4(2--7); petals 4(2--7, rarely 0), often fading darker; stamens 2 × or = sepals in number, anthers 2-chambered, opening lengthwise, pollen interconnected by threads; ovary inferior, chambers generally as many as sepals (sometimes becoming 1), placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1--many per chamber, style 1, stigma 4-lobed (or lobes as many as sepals), club-shaped, spheric, or hemispheric. Fruit: capsule, loculicidal (sometimes berry or indehiscent and nut-like). Seed: sometimes winged or hair-tufted. Genera In Family: 22 genera, +- 657 species: worldwide, especially western North America; many cultivated (Clarkia, Epilobium, Fuchsia, Oenothera). Note:Gaura moved to Oenothera. Fuchsia magellanica Lam. naturalized in northern California. eFlora Treatment Author: Warren L. Wagner & Peter C. Hoch, family description, key to genera, treatment of genera by Warren L. Wagner, except as noted Scientific Editor: Robert W. Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: WILLOWHERB Habit: Annual to subshrub. Leaf: generally opposite proximally (or clustered in axils), generally +- fine-toothed; veins generally obscure. Inflorescence: generally raceme, bracted. Flower: radial or rarely +- bilateral; sepals 4, erect; petals 4, notched; stamens 8, anthers attached at middle, pollen grains generally shed in 4s, cream-yellow; ovary chambers 4, stigma generally club-like, occasionally 4-lobed. Fruit: straight, cylindric to club-like. Seed: generally in 1 row per chamber, generally with white, deciduous hair-tuft. Etymology: (Greek: upon pod, from inferior ovary) Note: Incl Boisduvalia, Zauschneria. Most taxa polyploid; many with anthers +- = stigma self-pollinated; many hybrids. Taxa with alternate leaves moved to Chamerion. eFlora Treatment Author: Peter C. Hoch Reference: Raven 1976 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 63:326--340; Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:81--95
Epilobium densiflorum (Lindl.) Hoch & P.H. Raven
NATIVE Habit: Annual 0.5--15 dm, simple or branched distally, peeling proximally, spreading hairy or strigose. Leaf: opposite only near base, +- sessile, 14--85 mm, (narrowly) lanceolate to sublinear; distal leaves hairy. Inflorescence: leafy, +- dense spike, sometimes glandular. Flower: hypanthium 1.3--4 mm; sepals 2--8 mm; petals 3--10 mm, rose-purple to white; stigma head-like to irregularly 4-lobed. Fruit: 4--11 mm, cylindric, pliable, not beaked, dehiscent to base; axis persistent; pedicel 0--2.5 mm. Seed: 1.2--1.6(1.9) mm, netted, glabrous, hair-tuft 0. Chromosomes: 2n=20. Ecology: Streambanks, outwashes, seasonal moist flats; Elevation: < 2600 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP (exc SCo, ChI), MP; Distribution Outside California: to British Columbia, Montana, Arizona, northern Baja California. Flowering Time: May--Oct Note: Highly variable. Unabridged Synonyms: Boisduvalia densiflora (Lindl.) S. Watson; Boisduvalia densiflora var. pallescens Suksd.; Boisduvalia densiflora var. salicina (Rydb.) Munz Jepson eFlora Author: Peter C. Hoch Reference: Raven 1976 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 63:326--340; Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:81--95 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Epilobium cleistogamum Next taxon: Epilobium glaberrimum
Botanical illustration including Epilobium densiflorum
Citation for this treatment: Peter C. Hoch 2012, Epilobium densiflorum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=76884, accessed on December 03, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 03, 2024.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).