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Streptanthus tortuosus var. orbiculatus

HIGH MOUNTAIN JEWELFLOWER


Higher Taxonomy
Family: Brassicaceae (Cruciferae)View DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: MUSTARD FAMILY
Habit: Annual to shrub; sap pungent, watery. Leaf: generally simple, alternate; generally both basal, cauline; stipules 0. Inflorescence: generally raceme, generally not bracted. Flower: bisexual, generally radial; sepals 4, generally free; petals (0)4, forming a cross, generally white or yellow to purple; stamens generally 6 (2 or 4), 4 long, 2 short (3 pairs of unequal length); ovary 1, superior, generally 2-chambered with septum connecting 2 parietal placentas; style 1, stigma entire or 2-lobed. Fruit: capsule, generally 2-valved, "silique" (length >= 3 × width) or "silicle" (length < 3 × width), dehiscent by 2 valves or indehiscent, cylindric or flat parallel or perpendicular to septum, segmented or not. Seed: 1--many, in 1 or 2 rows per chamber, winged or wingless; embryo strongly curved.
Genera In Family: +- 330 genera, 3780 species: worldwide, especially temperate. Note: Highest diversity in Mediterranean area, mountains of southwestern Asia, adjacent central Asia, western North America; some Brassica species are oil or vegetable crops; Arabidopsis thaliana used in experimental molecular biology; many species are ornamentals, weeds. Aurinia saxatilis (L.) Desvaux in cultivation only. Aubrieta occasional waif in central NCoR, Carrichtera annua (L.) DC. in SCo, Iberis sempervirens L., Iberis umbellata L. in PR, Teesdalia coronopifolia (Bergeret) Thell., Teesdalia nudicaulis (L.) W.T. Aiton in southern NCoRO, CCo. Cardaria, Coronopus moved to Lepidium; Caulostramina to Hesperidanthus; Guillenia to Caulanthus; Heterodraba to Athysanus; California taxa of Lesquerella to Physaria; Malcolmia africana to Strigosella.
eFlora Treatment Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Genus: StreptanthusView DescriptionDichotomous Key

Common Name: JEWELFLOWER
Habit: Annual to perennial herb, generally +- glaucous; hairs simple or 0. Leaf: basal rosetted or not, petioled, entire or dentate to pinnately lobed or divided; cauline sessile, occasionally petioled, base generally lobed or clasping. Inflorescence: open, elongated, bracts 0 or bracted below proximal 1--2 flowers, sometimes with sterile flower cluster. Flower: radial or bilateral; calyx urn- or occasionally bell-shaped, sepals erect, base +- sac-like, keeled or not; petal blade narrower to wider than proximal 1/2, generally channeled, margins +- crinkled or not; stamens in 3 pairs of unequal length, or 4 long and 2 short, longest filaments fused or free. Fruit: silique, dehiscent, linear, flat parallel to septum, unsegmented; stigma entire or 2-lobed. Seed: 10--120, in 1 row, generally winged.
Etymology: (Greek: twisted flower, from wavy-margined petals)
eFlora Treatment Author: Robert E. Preston & Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz
Reference: Mayer & Beseda 2010 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 97:106--116; Preston et al. 2019 Madroño 66:24--29; Jensen 2020 Madroño 67:19--34; Preston 2023 Phytoneuron 2023-22:1--10
Species: Streptanthus tortuosusView Description 


Common Name: MOUNTAIN JEWELFLOWER
Habit: Annual or short-lived perennial herb, glabrous throughout. Stem: simple or many-branched proximally, distally,(0.5)1.5--12(15) dm. Leaf: basal +- rosetted, early-deciduous, pedicelled, blade broadly ovate, obovate or oblong, entire to wavy or dentate distally; mid-cauline sessile, (0.7)1.5--6(9) cm, oblong to obovate or +- round, base lobed to clasping; distal round to oblong-ovate, clasping, often glaucous abaxially. Inflorescence: loose to dense, 1-sided or not; bracted proximally or between most proximal 1--2 flowers. Flower: calyx urn-shaped, sepals 6--10(13) mm, keeled or not, +- purple, gray-green, or +- yellow, tips recurved; petals (6)8--14 mm, 1--2.5 mm wide, not crinkled, +- purple or +- yellow-white, veins generally purple; filaments free, in 3 pairs of unequal length, longest pair (5)7--11 mm; fertile anthers (1.5)2.5--4.5(6) mm. Fruit: recurved-spreading to pendent, (3)4--13(16) cm, 1.5--2.5(3) mm wide, occasionally constricted between seeds; valves glabrous, midvein obscure or +- distinct; stigma entire; pedicel spreading to ascending, (2)3--12(17) mm, expanded at receptacle. Seed: 26--76(110), 1.5--2.5 mm, broadly oblong to ovate or round; wing 0.1--0.5 mm wide at tip, continuous. Chromosomes: 2n=28.
Note: Highly variable, needs study; additional morphologically distinct, regionally discrete variants may warrant taxonomic recognition; varieties and subspecies used here as equivalent in rank.
Streptanthus tortuosus Kellogg var. orbiculatus (Greene) H.M. Hall
NATIVE
Habit: Annual. Stem: much-branched proximally and distally, 1--3 dm. Leaf: often glaucous abaxially, often reddish tinged, especially in age. Inflorescence: bracts paler than leaves. Flower: sepals 5--6(9) mm, purple or yellow; petals 5--7 mm, base yellow, tip white, purple-veined. Fruit: spreading, straight to arched downward, 3--10 cm; pedicel ascending to curved upwards, 3.5--11 mm. Seed: 13--63, 1.6--1.8 mm.
Ecology: Rock outcrops, open areas in montane and subalpine forests; Elevation: 365--3500 m. Bioregional Distribution: KR, NCoRO, NCoRH, CaRH, SNH, SnFrB (Mt. Diablo); Distribution Outside California: southwestern Oregon. Flowering Time: Jun--Sep Note: Sepals yellow in NW, CaR, northern n SNH, s SNH (Farewell Gap); sepals purple in southern n SNH, c&s SNH.
Synonyms: Streptanthus tortuosus var. flavescens Jeps.
Jepson eFlora Author: Robert E. Preston & Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz
Reference: Mayer & Beseda 2010 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 97:106--116; Preston et al. 2019 Madroño 66:24--29; Jensen 2020 Madroño 67:19--34; Preston 2023 Phytoneuron 2023-22:1--10
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

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Citation for this treatment: Robert E. Preston & Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz 2023, Streptanthus tortuosus var. orbiculatus, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 12, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=66859, accessed on October 11, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on October 11, 2024.

No expert verified images found for Streptanthus tortuosus var. orbiculatus.



Geographic subdivisions for Streptanthus tortuosus var. orbiculatus:
KR, NCoRO, NCoRH, CaRH, SNH, SnFrB (Mt. Diablo)
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).