Jepson Herbarium
The University and Jepson Herbaria
University of California, Berkeley
Jepson eFlora: Taxon page
Vascular Plants of California
Key to families | Table of families and genera
Previous taxon Index to accepted names and synonyms:
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M |
| N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z |
Next taxon

Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum


Higher Taxonomy
Family: ViolaceaeView Description 
Common Name: VIOLET FAMILY
Habit: Annual, perennial herb, [small shrub, tree, vine], from caudices, taproots, rhizomes, or stolons; hairs 0 or simple. Stem: 0 or prostrate to erect. Leaf: basal, cauline, or both, alternate, [opposite], simple to compound, petioled; stipules generally small; blade linear to round, entire to toothed or lobed. Inflorescence: flowers 1 [raceme], axillary or scapose; peduncle bractlets 2, generally alternate. Flower: bisexual, bilateral [radial]; sepals 5, free, basal lobes present [0], generally not prominent; petals 5, free, lowest often largest, base +- elongated into a spur; stamens 5, alternate petals, filaments short, wide, with large in-pointing hairs, lowest 2 anthers with basal nectaries extending into petal spur; ovary superior, chamber 1, placentas parietal, 3, ovules [1] generally many, style 1, often enlarged distally, stigma often oblique or hooked, hairy or not. Fruit: capsule [berry], 3-valved, loculicidal, explosively dehiscent or not. Seed: generally with outgrowth, attractive to ants.
Genera In Family: 23 genera, 830 species: worldwide, generally temperate, tropics (especially higher elevations). Note: Lengths of lowest petal including spur.
eFlora Treatment Author: R. John Little
Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Genus: ViolaView DescriptionDichotomous Key

Common Name: VIOLET
Leaf: generally deciduous. Flower: sepals +- equal, entire; petals unequal, lowest generally largest, with spur generally < 3 [20] mm, lateral 2 equal, generally spreading, upper 2 equal, erect or reflexed, overlapped or not, lateral 2 generally, others sometimes with beard of variously shaped hairs basally; cleistogamous flowers generally present, petals 0. Fruit: ovoid to oblong, hairy or not. Seed: 8--75.
Etymology: (Latin: classical name) Note: Important orns including Viola odorata, Viola tricolor L. (Johnny-jump-up, wild pansy), Viola ×wittrockiana Gams (garden pansy).
Unabridged Reference: Baker, M.S. 1949a. Studies in western violets. IV. Leafl. West. Bot. 5: 141--147; Baker, M.S. 1949b. Studies in western violets. VI; Madroño 10: 110--128; Baker, M.S. 1957. Brittonia 9: 217--230; Ballard, H.E. 1992. Systematics of Viola Section Viola in North Am north of Mexico. M.S. thesis, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, Michigan; Ballard, H.E. 1994. Violets of Michigan. Michigan Botanist 33: 131--199; Davidse, G. 1976. A study of some Intermountain violets (Viola Sect. Chamaemelanium). Madroño 23: 274--283; Fabijan et al. 1987. The taxonomy of the Viola nuttallii complex. Can. J. Bot. 65: 2562--2580; Gil-ad, N.L. 1995. Systematics and evolution of Viola L. subsection Boreali-Americanae (W. Becker) Brizicky. Ph.D. dissertation, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Gil-ad, N.L. 1997. Systematics of Viola subsection Boreali-Americanae. Boissiera 53: 1--130; Gil-ad, N.L. 1998. The micromorphologies of seed coats and petal trichomes of the taxa of Viola subsect. Boreali-Americanae (Violaceae) and their utility in discerning orthospecies from hybrids. Brittonia 50: 91--121; Hitchcock, C.L. 1961. Vasc. Pl. Pacific NorthW. Vol. 3; McKinney, L.E. 1992. A taxonomic revision of the acaulescent blue violets (Viola) of North Am. Sida Botanical Miscellany, 7: 1--59; McKinney, L.E. and N. Russell. 2002. Violaceae of the Southeastern United States. Castanea 4: 369--379; Russell, N.H. 1965. Violets (Viola) of the central and eastern United States: an introductory survey. Sida 1: 1--113
Species: Viola pinetorumView Description 


Common Name: MOUNTAIN YELLOW VIOLET
Habit: Perennial herb 4.5--22 cm, glabrous to puberulent, canescent, or gray-tomentose. Stem: prostrate to erect, generally several, clustered on 1--several subterranean caudices from woody rhizome. Leaf: simple; basal 1--4 per caudex, petiole 2.3--9.5 cm, blade 1.3--5 cm, 0.3--2.5 cm wide, linear to elliptic or ovate to lance-elliptic, or oblanceolate to obovate, thin or not, jagged to irregularly serrate or dentate, occasionally entire, sometimes wavy, base long-tapered or wedge-shaped, tip acute; cauline petiole 0.9--8.3 cm, blade 0.3--1.4 cm wide, +- like basal in shape. Inflorescence: axillary; peduncle 2.9--11.5 cm. Flower: sepals lanceolate, not ciliate; petals deep lemon-yellow, upper 2 red- to purple-brown abaxially, lower 3 veined dark brown, lateral 2 bearded with cylindric hairs, lowest 5--12 mm. Fruit: 3.5--7 mm, ovoid, puberulent. Seed: 2--3.5 mm, medium to dark brown. Chromosomes: 2n=12.

Viola pinetorum Greene subsp. pinetorum
NATIVE
Habit: Plant 6.5--22 cm, glabrous to generally puberulent, canescent. Stem: generally not buried, spreading to erect. Leaf: basal petiole 3.2--9.5 cm, blade 1.3--5 cm, 0.7--2.5 cm wide, linear to ovate or lance-elliptic, jagged or irregularly serrate or dentate, occasionally entire, puberulent to canescent, generally purple-tinted abaxially; cauline petiole to 8.3 cm, blade 3.5--9.6 cm, 0.3--1.4 cm wide, serrate or dentate with 2--4 short projections per side to +- entire. Inflorescence: peduncle 3.4--11.5 cm. Flower: lowest petal 6--12 mm.
Ecology: Vernally moist soil, often under conifers; Elevation: 1400--3100 m. Bioregional Distribution: CaR, SN, WTR, SnBr, SnJt. Flowering Time: Late May--late Jul
Synonyms: Viola pinetorum var. pinetorum; Viola purpurea Kellogg subsp. mesophyta M.S. Baker & J.C. Clausen; Viola purpurea var. pinetorum (Greene) Greene; Viola purpurea subsp. xerophyta M.S. Baker & J.C. Clausen, in part
Jepson eFlora Author: R. John Little
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

Previous taxon: Viola pinetorum subsp. grisea
Next taxon: Viola praemorsa


Please use this Google Form for Contact/Feedback

Citation for this treatment: R. John Little 2012, Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=53393, accessed on November 13, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on November 13, 2024.

Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum
click for image enlargement
©2015 Barry Breckling
Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum
click for image enlargement
©2013 Neal Kramer
Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum
click for image enlargement
©2003 Christopher L. Christie
Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum
click for image enlargement
©2021 Barry Rice
Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum
click for image enlargement
©2003 Christopher L. Christie

More photos of Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum
in CalPhotos



Geographic subdivisions for Viola pinetorum subsp. pinetorum:
CaR, SN, WTR, SnBr, SnJt.
MAP CONTROLS
1. You can change the display of the base map layer control box in the upper right-hand corner.
2. County and Jepson Region polygons can be turned off and on using the check boxes.
map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

MAP LEGEND
View all CCH records
All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
READ ABOUT YELLOW FLAGS

CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).