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Delphinium patens subsp. patens


Higher Taxonomy
Family: RanunculaceaeView DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: BUTTERCUP FAMILY
Habit: Annual, perennial herb, woody vine [shrub], occasionally aquatic. Leaf: generally basal and cauline, alternate or opposite, simple or compound; petioles at base generally flat, occasionally sheathing or stipule-like. Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial; sepals 3--6(20), free, early-deciduous or withering in fruit, generally green; petals 0--many, generally free; stamens generally 5--many, staminodes generally 0; pistils 1--many, ovary superior, chamber 1, style 0--1, generally +- persistent as beak, ovules 1--many. Fruit: achene, follicle, berry, +- utricle in Trautvetteria, in aggregate or not, 1--many-seeded.
Genera In Family: +- 60 genera, 1700 species: worldwide, especially northern temperate, tropical mountains; many ornamental (Adonis, Aquilegia, Clematis, Consolida, Delphinium, Helleborus, Nigella). Toxicity: some highly TOXIC (Aconitum, Actaea, Delphinium, Ranunculus). Note: Taxa of Isopyrum in TJM (1993) moved to Enemion; Kumlienia moved to Ranunculus.
eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax & Dieter H. Wilken, family description, key to genera
Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Genus: DelphiniumView DescriptionDichotomous Key

Common Name: LARKSPUR
Habit: Perennial herb; root generally < 10 cm, +- fibrous or fleshy; rootstock buds in life generally obscure (0 or obscure on herbarium specimens). Stem: erect, generally 1, generally unbranched; base generally +- as wide as, generally firmly attached to root, generally +- red or purple. Leaf: simple, basal and cauline, petioled; blades generally palmately lobed, deep lobes generally 3--5, generally < 6 mm wide, generally also lobed; cauline proximal generally dry, generally 0 in flower, distal merging into bracts. Inflorescence: raceme or +- branched, terminal; flowers generally 10--25; pedicels generally +- spreading. Flower: bilateral; sepals 5, petal-like, generally spreading, generally +- dark blue, uppermost spurred; petals 4, << sepals, upper 2 with nectar-secreting spurs enclosed in uppermost sepal, lower 2 clawed, with blades (limbs) generally 4--8 mm, 2-lobed, generally +- perpendicular to claws, generally colored like sepals, generally obviously hairy especially on lobes proximally, inner and outer lobes of each blade generally equally hairy; pistils 3(5). Fruit: follicles 3(5), erect, length generally 2.5--4 × width. Seed: generally winged in youth, collar inflated at widest end or generally not, dark brown to black, generally appearing white; coat cell margins generally straight.
Etymology: (Latin: dolphin, from bud shape) Toxicity: Most species highly TOXIC, attractive to, killing many cattle, fewer horses, sheep. Note: Hybrids common, especially in disturbed places. Root length is of coarse parts only.
eFlora Treatment Author: Jason A. Koontz & Michael J. Warnock
Unabridged Reference: Lewis & Epling 1954 Brittonia 8:1--22
Species: Delphinium patensView Description 


Common Name: SPREADING or ZIGZAG LARKSPUR
Habit: Root +- ellipsoid to diffuse-fibrous. Stem: base generally narrower than root, not firmly attached, +- glabrous. Leaf: generally on lower 1/3 of stem, +- glabrous; terminal lobe widest near middle. Inflorescence: pedicels 10--78 mm, generally > 10 mm apart. Flower: sepals reflexed, bright or dark blue. Fruit: 12--23 mm, +- curved. Seed: smooth, shiny, collar inflated.

Delphinium patens Benth. subsp. patens
NATIVE
Stem: 10--90 cm. Leaf: basal, lower cauline divided > 80% to petiole; lobes 3--5, generally < 15 mm wide. Inflorescence: pedicels generally glabrous. Flower: lateral sepals 9--20 mm, spur 10--15 mm; lower petal blades 4--6 mm, each generally hairier on inner lobe than outer. Chromosomes: 2n=16.
Ecology: Grassland, open woodland; Elevation: 80--1100 m. Bioregional Distribution: s NCoR, SN, GV, SnFrB, n SCoR. Flowering Time: Mar--Jun Note: Hybridizes with Delphinium decorum, Delphinium nudicaule, Delphinium variegatum.
Synonyms: Delphinium decorum Fisch. & C.A. Mey. var. patens (Benth.) A. Gray
Jepson eFlora Author: Jason A. Koontz & Michael J. Warnock
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

Previous taxon: Delphinium patens subsp. montanum
Next taxon: Delphinium polycladon


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Citation for this treatment: Jason A. Koontz & Michael J. Warnock 2012, Delphinium patens subsp. patens, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=50113, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Delphinium patens subsp. patens
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©2009 George W. Hartwell
Delphinium patens subsp. patens
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©2009 Keir Morse
Delphinium patens subsp. patens
click for image enlargement
©2009 Barry Breckling
Delphinium patens subsp. patens
click for image enlargement
©2009 Keir Morse
Delphinium patens subsp. patens
click for image enlargement
©2003 Barry Breckling

More photos of Delphinium patens subsp. patens
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Geographic subdivisions for Delphinium patens subsp. patens:
s NCoR, SN, GV, SnFrB, n SCoR.
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).