Common Name: HEATH FAMILY Habit: Perennial herb, shrub, tree. Stem: bark often peeling distinctively. Leaf: simple or 0, generally cauline, alternate, opposite (whorled), evergreen or deciduous, often leathery, petioled or not; stipules 0. Inflorescence: raceme, panicle, cyme, or flowers 1, terminal or axillary, generally bracted; pedicel often with 2 bractlets. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, bell-shaped, cylindric, or urn-shaped; sepals generally (0)4--5, generally free; petals generally (0)4--5, free or fused; stamens (2--5)8--10, free, filaments rarely appendaged, anthers dehiscing by pores or slits, awns 0 or 2(4), seemingly abaxial, reduced or elongate, generally curved; nectary generally present at ovary base, generally disk-like; ovary superior or inferior, chambers generally 1--5, placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1--many per chamber, style 1, stigma head- to funnel-like or lobed. Fruit: capsule, drupe, berry. Seed: generally many, winged or not. Genera In Family: +- 100 genera, 3000 species: generally worldwide except deserts; some cultivated, especially Arbutus, Arctostaphylos, Rhododendron, Vaccinium. Note: Monophyletic only if Empetraceae included, as treated here. Ledum included in Rhododendron. Non-green plants obtain nutrition from green plants through fungal intermediates. eFlora Treatment Author: Gary D. Wallace, except as noted Scientific Editor: Gary D. Wallace, Thomas J. Rosatti, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Etymology: (Greek: wood berry, from stone of fruit) eFlora Treatment Author: Gary D. Wallace
Xylococcus bicolor Nutt.
NATIVE Habit: Shrub, burled. Stem: erect, < 2.5 m; bark shredding; twigs canescent. Leaf: generally alternate, evergreen, 2.5--4.5 cm, elliptic to oblong, leathery; margin entire, rolled under, abaxially densely white- to gray-hairy, adaxially glabrous, dark green. Inflorescence: panicle, +- reflexed, dense, bracted; pedicel not jointed to flower, bractlets 2. Flower: sepals generally 5; corolla urn-shaped, hairy, petals 5, fused, < 9 mm, white or +- pink; stamens generally 10, filaments woolly in lower 1/2, not swollen at base, anthers dehiscing by separate slits, awned; ovary superior, hairy, chambers generally 5, placentas axile. Fruit: drupe, < 9 mm wide, smooth, flesh dry; stones (3)5, fused into a smooth unit. Chromosomes: 2n=26. Ecology: Chaparral; Elevation: < 650 m. Bioregional Distribution: SCo, s ChI (Santa Catalina Island), PR (exc SnJt); Distribution Outside California: northern Baja California. Flowering Time: Dec--Feb Jepson eFlora Author: Gary D. Wallace Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Xylococcus Next taxon: Euphorbiaceae
Botanical illustration including Xylococcus bicolor
Citation for this treatment: Gary D. Wallace 2012, Xylococcus bicolor, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=48691, accessed on December 02, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 02, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Xylococcus bicolor:
SCo, s ChI (Santa Catalina Island), PR (exc SnJt)
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).