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Silene gallica

SMALL-FLOWER CATCHFLY, WINDMILL PINK


Higher Taxonomy
Family: CaryophyllaceaeView DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: PINK FAMILY
Habit: Annual to perennial herb; rarely dioecious (Silene), taprooted or rhizome generally slender. Leaf: simple, generally opposite (subwhorled), entire, pairs at nodes often +- connected at bases; stipules generally 0; petiole generally 0. Inflorescence: generally cyme, generally open; flowers 1--many; involucre generally 0 (present in most Dianthus, Petrorhagia). Flower: generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium often present but obscure; sepals (4)5, +- free or fused into a tube, margins generally scarious, more so on inner 2 or not, tube generally not scarious, awns generally 0; petals (4)5 or 0, generally tapered to base (or with claw long, limb expanded), entire to 2--several-lobed, limb generally without scale-like appendages adaxially, generally without ear-like lobes at base; stamens generally 10, generally fertile, generally free, generally from ovary base; nectaries 0 or 5; ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, placentas basal or free-central, styles 2--5 with 0 branches or 1 with 2--3 branches. Fruit: capsule or utricle (rarely +- dehiscent), generally sessile. Seed: appendage generally 0 (present in Moehringia).
Genera In Family: +- 100 genera, 3000 species: widespread, especially arctic, alpine, temperate northern hemisphere; some cultivated (Agrostemma, Arenaria, Atocion, Cerastium, Dianthus, Gypsophila, Lychnis, Sagina, Saponaria, Silene). Note: Apetalous Caryophyllaceae can also be keyed in Rabeler & Hartman 2005 FNANM 5:5--8. Taxa of Minuartia in TJM2 treated here in Cherleria and Sabulina; Pseudostellaria in Hartmaniella and Torreyostellaria; Vaccaria in Gypsophila; Velezia in Dianthus.
eFlora Treatment Author: Ronald L. Hartman (deceased) & Richard K. Rabeler, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin & Thomas J. Rosatti.
Genus: SileneView DescriptionDichotomous Key


Common Name: CATCHFLY, CAMPION
Habit: Annual to perennial herb, +- erect, from caudex, taproot, or rhizome; rarely dioecious. Leaf: petioled or not; linear to oblanceolate, vein 1. Inflorescence: generally terminal, open to dense; flowers few to many, pedicels generally 5--40+ mm. Flower: generally erect, generally bisexual; sepals 5, fused, tube prominent, 4--38 mm, 2--13 mm diam, cylindric to bell-shaped, rounded, hairs various or 0 (walls between hair cells generally clear), veins generally 10+, generally dark, lobes or teeth 1--13 mm, < tube, triangular to linear; petals 5, 6--62 mm, claw long, limb entire or 2--6-lobed, appendages at junction of claw, limb 0--6, generally 2, basal lobes present or 0; stamens generally fertile, bases fused with petal bases to ovary stalk; ovary chamber 1 or +- incompletely 3--5, styles 3(4,5; if 5 then flowers unisexual, taxon dioecious), 1--35 mm. Fruit: capsule, cylindric to ovoid; stalk (from ovary stalk) 0--7 mm, generally glabrous; teeth 6 or 10, ascending to recurved. Seed: many, gray to red, brown, or black.
Etymology: (Greek: probably from mythological Silenus, intoxicated foster-father of Bacchus, who was covered with foam; from sticky secretions of many species) Note: Silene armeria moved to Atocion. Silene pendula L., a historial waif, known only from 1894 and 1915 collections at Golden Gate Park.
eFlora Treatment Author: Ronald L. Hartman (deceased), Richard K. Rabeler & Dieter H. Wilken
Reference: Morton 2005 FNANM 5:166--214; Mesler et al. 2019 Madroño 66:176--193
Silene gallica L.
NATURALIZED
Habit: Annual 10--40 cm. Stem: decumbent to erect, short-rough-hairy to minutely bristly. Leaf: gradually reduced upward; lower 1--3.5 cm, 3--5 mm wide, oblanceolate; upper 0.8--2.5 cm, 2--4 mm wide, oblanceolate to oblong. Inflorescence: axillary and terminal; pedicel 0 to short. Flower: ascending to erect; calyx 6--10 mm, glandular-hairy especially on veins, 10-veined, lobes 2--2.5 mm; petal claw glabrous, appendages 2, limb < 6 mm, white, pink, or lavender, entire to notched; stamens included; styles 3, included. Fruit: ovoid; stalk < 1 mm, puberulent. Seed: +- 1 mm, red-brown. Chromosomes: 2n=24.
Ecology: Fields, disturbed areas; Elevation: < 1000 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP; Distribution Outside California: to British Columbia, Idaho, Arizona, eastern North America; native to Europe. Flowering Time: Spring--early summer
Jepson eFlora Author: Ronald L. Hartman (deceased), Richard K. Rabeler & Dieter H. Wilken
Reference: Morton 2005 FNANM 5:166--214; Mesler et al. 2019 Madroño 66:176--193
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

Previous taxon: Silene douglasii var. douglasii
Next taxon: Silene grayi


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Citation for this treatment: Ronald L. Hartman (deceased), Richard K. Rabeler & Dieter H. Wilken 2022, Silene gallica, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 11, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=44517, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Silene gallica
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©2008 Keir Morse
Silene gallica
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©2008 Keir Morse
Silene gallica
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©2016 Steve Matson
Silene gallica
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©2007 Neal Kramer
Silene gallica
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©2009 Gary A. Monroe

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Geographic subdivisions for Silene gallica:
CA-FP
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).