Common Name: PINK FAMILY Habit: Annual to perennial herb; rarely dioecious (Silene), taprooted or rhizome generally slender. Leaf: simple, generally opposite (subwhorled), entire, pairs at nodes often +- connected at bases; stipules generally 0; petiole generally 0. Inflorescence: generally cyme, generally open; flowers 1--many; involucre generally 0 (present in most Dianthus, Petrorhagia). Flower: generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium often present but obscure; sepals (4)5, +- free or fused into a tube, margins generally scarious, more so on inner 2 or not, tube generally not scarious, awns generally 0; petals (4)5 or 0, generally tapered to base (or with claw long, limb expanded), entire to 2--several-lobed, limb generally without scale-like appendages adaxially, generally without ear-like lobes at base; stamens generally 10, generally fertile, generally free, generally from ovary base; nectaries 0 or 5; ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, placentas basal or free-central, styles 2--5 with 0 branches or 1 with 2--3 branches. Fruit: capsule or utricle (rarely +- dehiscent), generally sessile. Seed: appendage generally 0 (present in Moehringia). Genera In Family: +- 100 genera, 3000 species: widespread, especially arctic, alpine, temperate northern hemisphere; some cultivated (Agrostemma, Arenaria, Atocion, Cerastium, Dianthus, Gypsophila, Lychnis, Sagina, Saponaria, Silene). Note: Apetalous Caryophyllaceae can also be keyed in Rabeler & Hartman 2005 FNANM 5:5--8. Taxa of Minuartia in TJM2 treated here in Cherleria and Sabulina; Pseudostellaria in Hartmaniella and Torreyostellaria; Vaccaria in Gypsophila; Velezia in Dianthus. eFlora Treatment Author: Ronald L. Hartman (deceased) & Richard K. Rabeler, except as noted Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin & Thomas J. Rosatti.
Common Name: CATCHFLY, CAMPION Habit: Annual to perennial herb, +- erect, from caudex, taproot, or rhizome; rarely dioecious. Leaf: petioled or not; linear to oblanceolate, vein 1. Inflorescence: generally terminal, open to dense; flowers few to many, pedicels generally 5--40+ mm. Flower: generally erect, generally bisexual; sepals 5, fused, tube prominent, 4--38 mm, 2--13 mm diam, cylindric to bell-shaped, rounded, hairs various or 0 (walls between hair cells generally clear), veins generally 10+, generally dark, lobes or teeth 1--13 mm, < tube, triangular to linear; petals 5, 6--62 mm, claw long, limb entire or 2--6-lobed, appendages at junction of claw, limb 0--6, generally 2, basal lobes present or 0; stamens generally fertile, bases fused with petal bases to ovary stalk; ovary chamber 1 or +- incompletely 3--5, styles 3(4,5; if 5 then flowers unisexual, taxon dioecious), 1--35 mm. Fruit: capsule, cylindric to ovoid; stalk (from ovary stalk) 0--7 mm, generally glabrous; teeth 6 or 10, ascending to recurved. Seed: many, gray to red, brown, or black. Etymology: (Greek: probably from mythological Silenus, intoxicated foster-father of Bacchus, who was covered with foam; from sticky secretions of many species) Note:Silene armeria moved to Atocion. Silene pendula L., a historial waif, known only from 1894 and 1915 collections at Golden Gate Park. eFlora Treatment Author: Ronald L. Hartman (deceased), Richard K. Rabeler & Dieter H. Wilken Reference: Morton 2005 FNANM 5:166--214; Mesler et al. 2019 Madroño 66:176--193
Silene antirrhina L.
NATIVE Habit: Annual 12--80 cm. Stem: erect, glabrous or puberulent; upper internodes generally sticky. Leaf: gradually reduced upward, 1--3(6) cm, 3--5 mm wide; lower +- oblanceolate; upper linear to oblanceolate. Flower: calyx 4--9 mm, glabrous, 10-veined, lobes 1--2 mm; petal claw glabrous, appendages 0 or to 0.4 mm, limb +- 2.5 mm, white to red, lobes 2; stamens included; styles 3, +- included. Fruit: +- ovoid; stalk +- 1 mm. Seed: < 1 mm, gray-black. Chromosomes: 2n=24. Ecology: Open areas, burns; Elevation: < 1800 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP, MP, D (uncommon); Distribution Outside California: +- North America. Flowering Time: Apr--Aug Jepson eFlora Author: Ronald L. Hartman (deceased), Richard K. Rabeler & Dieter H. Wilken Reference: Morton 2005 FNANM 5:166--214; Mesler et al. 2019 Madroño 66:176--193 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Silene Next taxon: Silene aperta
Botanical illustration including Silene antirrhina
Citation for this treatment: Ronald L. Hartman (deceased), Richard K. Rabeler & Dieter H. Wilken 2022, Silene antirrhina, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 11, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=44491, accessed on December 02, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 02, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Silene antirrhina:
CA-FP, MP, D (uncommon)
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Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).