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Salsola paulsenii

BARBWIRE RUSSIAN THISTLE


Higher Taxonomy
Family: ChenopodiaceaeView DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: GOOSEFOOT FAMILY
Habit: Annual to shrub; hairs simple, stellate, or glandular; plants in several genera scaly, mealy, or powdery from collapsed glands; monoecious, dioecious, with bisexual flowers, or with both bisexual and unisexual flowers. Stem: occasionally fleshy. Leaf: blade simple, generally alternate, occasionally fleshy or reduced to scales, veins pinnate; stipules 0. Inflorescence: raceme, spike, catkin-like, spheric head, axillary clusters of flowers, or flowers 1; bracts 0--5, herbaceous, generally persistent or strongly modified in fruit, wings, tubercles or spines present or 0. Flower: bisexual or unisexual, small, generally green; calyx parts (1)3--5, or 0 in pistillate flowers, free or fused basally (or +- throughout), leaf-like in texture, membranous, or fleshy, deciduous or not, often strongly modified in fruit; corolla 0; stamens 1--5, opposite sepals, filaments free, equal; anthers 4-chambered; ovary superior (1/2-inferior), chamber 1; ovule 1; styles, stigmas 1--4 (or stigmas sessile). Fruit: achene or utricle, generally falling with persistent calyx or bracts. Seed: 1, small, lenticular to spheric; seed coat smooth to finely dotted, warty, net-like, or prickly, margin occasionally winged.
Genera In Family: 100 genera, 1500 species: worldwide, especially deserts, saline or alkaline soils; some cultivated for food (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, beet, Swiss chard; Spinacia oleracea L., spinach; Chenopodium quinoa Willd., quinoa); and some worldwide, naturalized ruderal or noxious agricultural weeds. Note: Nitrophila treated in Amaranthaceae, Sarcobatus treated in Sarcobataceae. Key to genera revised by Elizabeth H. Zacharias to incorporate Extriplex and Stutzia, 2 genera segregated from Atriplex. Native spp. of Kochia now treated in Neokochia. Chenopodiaceae often treated now within a more broadly circumscribed Amaranthaceae (Morales-Briones et al. 2021).
eFlora Treatment Author: Mihai Costea, family description, key to genera, revised by Thomas J. Rosatti & Elizabeth H. Zacharias, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Bruce G. Baldwin, David J. Keil, Thomas J. Rosatti, Margriet Wetherwax.
Genus: SalsolaView DescriptionDichotomous Key


Habit: Annual to shrub. Stem: simple to many-branched. Leaf: generally reduced distally along stem, thread-like to +- cylindric, spine-tipped, in age generally thick, rigid. Inflorescence: axillary; bracts 1--2; flowers generally 1 per axil. Flower: bisexual; sepals 4--5, thickened in fruit, persistent, generally tubercled to winged; stamens generally 5, exserted, style branches generally 2, exserted. Fruit: spheric to obovoid; tip +- depressed. Seed: horizontal.
Etymology: (Latin: salty, from habitats) Note: An alternative treatment as separate genera Kali (Salsola australis, Salsola gobicola, Salsola paulsenii, Salsola ryanii, Salsola tragus), Caroxylon (Salsola damascena), and Salsola (Salsola soda) has been proposed (Akhani et al. 2007 Int J Plant Sci 168:931--956).
eFlora Treatment Author: G. Frederic Hrusa
Reference: Mosyakin 2003 FNANM 4:398--403; Hrusa & Gaskin 2008 Madroño 55:113--131
Salsola paulsenii Litv.
NATURALIZED
Habit: Annual, generally < 1.5 m, +- conic, generally densely papillate. Stem: branched from base, longitudinally ribbed, occasionally red-striped. Leaf: opposite to alternate below, alternate above, 5--32 mm; in age generally yellow-green, leathery, base wider. Inflorescence: bract not surrounding fruit, +- cylindric, spiny, margin narrow, white to +- translucent. Flower: sepals 2.5--3.5 mm; anthers 0.4--0.7 mm. Fruit: deciduous in age; 6.6--10.7 mm diam including wings; developed wings 3--5, translucent, veins few, generally pale, margin generally smooth, base yellow- to pink-spotted, in fruit smallest 2 wings rudimentary or 1(2) narrowly linear; sepal tips spiny.
Ecology: Common. Sandy, disturbed places; Elevation: < 1000 m. Bioregional Distribution: n WTR (se Cuyama Valley), D; Distribution Outside California: to Utah; native to southeastern Europe, central Asia. Flowering Time: Jul--Oct Note: Hybridizes with Salsola tragus.
Unabridged Synonyms: Kali paulsenii (Litv.) Akhani & Roalson
Jepson eFlora Author: G. Frederic Hrusa
Reference: Mosyakin 2003 FNANM 4:398--403; Hrusa & Gaskin 2008 Madroño 55:113--131
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)
Noxious Weed listed on the CDFA Weed Pest Ratings table
View the CDFA Pest Rating page for Salsola paulsenii
Weed listed by Cal-IPC

Previous taxon: Salsola gobicola
Next taxon: Salsola ryanii

Botanical illustration including Salsola paulseniibotanical illustration including Salsola paulsenii


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Citation for this treatment: G. Frederic Hrusa 2012, Salsola paulsenii, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=43033, accessed on October 06, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on October 06, 2024.

Salsola paulsenii
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©2003 Michael Charters
Salsola paulsenii
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©2003 Michael Charters
Salsola paulsenii
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©2018 Neal Kramer
Salsola paulsenii
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©2011 California Academy of Sciences
Salsola paulsenii
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©2018 Neal Kramer

More photos of Salsola paulsenii
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Geographic subdivisions for Salsola paulsenii:
n WTR (se Cuyama Valley), D
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).