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Pseudognaphalium stramineum


Higher Taxonomy
Family: Asteraceae (Compositae)View DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: SUNFLOWER FAMILY
Habit: Annual to tree. Leaf: basal and/or cauline, alternate, opposite, rarely whorled, simple to 2+ × compound. Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, resembling a flower, of several types (see below), 1--many in generally +- cyme-like cluster; each head generally with +- calyx-like involucre of 1--many series of phyllaries (involucre bracts); receptacle of head flat to conic or columnar, paleate (bearing paleae = receptacle bracts) or epaleate; flowers 1--many per head. Flower: bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, +- small, of several types (see below); calyx 0 or modified into +- persistent pappus of bristles, scales, and/or awns; corolla radial or bilateral (0), lobes generally (0)3--5; stamens 4--5, filaments generally free, generally fused to corolla at tube/throat junction, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, anther base generally rounded or cordate (deeply sagittate or with tail-like appendages), tip (= flattened appendage) generally projecting beyond pollen sac; pistil 1, 2-carpeled, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, placenta basal, style 1, tip generally +- 2-branched (except in some staminate disk flowers), branch tips truncate or generally bearing +- brush-like appendages; stigmas 2, generally on adaxial faces of style branches. Fruit: achene (also called a cypsela) (drupe in Chrysanthemoides), cylindric to ovoid, sometimes compressed, generally deciduous with pappus attached.
Genera In Family: +- 1500 genera, 23000 species: worldwide, many habitats. Note: Flower and head types differ in form and sexual condition. A disk flower has a generally radial corolla, with a cylindric tube, expanded throat, and generally 5 lobes. Disk flowers are generally bisexual and fertile but occasionally staminate with reduced ovaries. Discoid heads comprise only disk flowers. A radiant head is a variant of a discoid head, with peripheral disk flower corollas expanded, often bilateral. A ray flower corolla is bilateral, generally with a slender tube and flattened petal-like ray (single lip composed of generally 3 lobes). Ray flowers are generally pistillate or sterile (occasionally lacking styles). Radiate heads have peripheral ray flowers and central disk flowers. Disciform heads superficially resemble discoid heads, with pistillate or sterile flowers that lack rays, together with or separate from disk flowers. A ligulate flower is bisexual, with a bilateral, generally ephemeral corolla and 5-lobed ligule. Liguliflorous heads comprise only ligulate flowers. See glossary p. 31 for illustrations of family characteristics. Echinops sphaerocephalus L., Gaillardia aristata Pursh, Gaillardia pulchella Foug., Hymenothrix loomisii S.F. Blake, Tagetes erecta L., Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze are waifs. Melampodium perfoliatum Kunth, historic urban waif. Ageratum conyzoides L., Guizotia abyssinica (L. f.) Cass., Santolina chamaecyparisus L., orth. var. are rare or uncommon escapes from cultivation. Dyssodia papposa, Ismelia carinata (Schousb.) Sch. Bip. [Chrysanthemum carinatum Schousb.], Mantisalca salmantica (L.) Briq. & Cavill. are historical or extirpated waifs in California. Inula helenium L. not documented in California. Taxa of Aster in TJM (1993) treated here in Almutaster, Doellingeria, Eurybia, Ionactis, Oreostemma, Sericocarpus, Symphyotrichum; Chamomilla in Matricaria; Bahia in Hymenothrix; Cnicus in Centaurea; Conyza in Erigeron and Laennecia; Dugaldia in Hymenoxys; Erechtites in Senecio; Hymenoclea in Ambrosia; Lembertia in Monolopia; Osteospermum ecklonis in Dimorphotheca; Picris echioides in Helminthotheca; Prionopsis in Grindelia; Raillardiopsis in Anisocarpus and Carlquistia; Schkuhria multiflora in Picradeniopsis; Trimorpha in Erigeron; Venidium in Arctotis; Viguiera in Aldama and Bahiopsis; Whitneya in Arnica. Amauriopsis in TJM2 (2012) treated here in Hymenothrix; Arida in Leucosyris; Bahia in Picradeniopsis; Eucephalus in Doellingeria.
Unabridged Note: Largest family of vascular plants in California and of eudicots globally.
eFlora Treatment Author: David J. Keil, except as noted
Scientific Editor: David J. Keil, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Genus: PseudognaphaliumView DescriptionDichotomous Key


Common Name: CUDWEED, EVERLASTING
Habit: Annual to perennial herb, generally taprooted. Stem: 1--several from base, generally woolly-tomentose, sometimes stalked- or sessile-glandular. Leaf: basal and cauline or mostly cauline, often +- clasping and/or decurrent, generally narrowly lanceolate to oblanceolate, entire, +- tomentose, sometimes adaxially glandular. Inflorescence: heads disciform, generally in tight groups in flat-topped to cyme- or panicle-like cluster; involucre cylindric to generally urn-shaped, +- bell-shaped when pressed; phyllaries graduated in (2)3--7(10) series, persistent, +- spreading when dry, bases generally green, distally generally sessile-glandular, tips generally stiff-papery, opaque or clear, dull or shiny, +- white, rosy, tawny, or brown; receptacle flat to convex, epaleate, glabrous. Pistillate Flower: many; corolla narrowly tubular, minutely lobed, +- yellow to +- red. Disk Flower: few; corolla yellow or +- red; anther tip +- triangular; style branches truncate, hair-tufted. Fruit: oblong-compressed or cylindric, glabrous or +- papillate; pappus bristles in 1 series, deciduous, generally free, or weakly coherent.
Etymology: (Greek: deceptively similar to Gnaphalium, a related genus)
eFlora Treatment Author: Guy L. Nesom
Reference: Nesom 2006 FNANM 19:415--425
Unabridged Reference: Nesom 2004 Sida 21:781--790
Pseudognaphalium stramineum (Kunth) Anderb.
NATIVE
Habit: Annual or biennial, unscented. Stem: 2--8+ dm, loosely to densely tomentose, not glandular. Leaf: +- crowded, 2--8(9.5) cm, 2--5(10) mm wide, reduced distally on stem, oblong to narrowly oblanceolate or weakly spoon-shaped, +- clasping, generally not decurrent (decurrent 1--2 mm), flat or margin slightly curled under, faces loosely persistently gray-tomentose, not glandular. Inflorescence: dense, 1--2 cm diam or +- cyme-like; involucre 4--6 mm +- spheric; phyllaries in 4--5 series, ovate to oblong-obovate, +- white, often +- yellow with age, transparent, shiny, glabrous. Pistillate Flower: 160--200. Disk Flower: generally 18--28. Fruit: weakly, if at all, ridged, otherwise smooth or papillate-roughened, glabrous; pappus bristles loosely coherent, shed in clusters or easily fragmented rings. Chromosomes: 2n=28.
Ecology: Many habitats, dunes, chaparral slopes, roadsides; Elevation: < 2500 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA (exc MP); Distribution Outside California: to British Columbia, Montana, Nebraska, Texas, Mexico; also South America; naturalized in eastern United States. Flowering Time: Mar--Aug
Synonyms: Gnaphalium stramineum Kunth; Gnaphalium chilense Spreng.
Jepson eFlora Author: Guy L. Nesom
Reference: Nesom 2006 FNANM 19:415--425
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

Previous taxon: Pseudognaphalium roseum
Next taxon: Pseudognaphalium thermale

Botanical illustration including Pseudognaphalium stramineumbotanical illustration including Pseudognaphalium stramineum


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Citation for this treatment: Guy L. Nesom 2012, Pseudognaphalium stramineum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=40045, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Pseudognaphalium stramineum
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©2009 Neal Kramer
Pseudognaphalium stramineum
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©2010 Barry Breckling
Pseudognaphalium stramineum
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©2010 Gary A. Monroe
Pseudognaphalium stramineum
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©2011 Barry Breckling
Pseudognaphalium stramineum
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©2016 Neal Kramer

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Geographic subdivisions for Pseudognaphalium stramineum:
CA (exc MP)
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).