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Vascular Plants of California
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Phoradendron bolleanum


Higher Taxonomy
Family: ViscaceaeView DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: MISTLETOE FAMILY
Habit: Perennial herb, shrub, generally +- green, parasitic on aboveground parts of woody plants; dioecious [monoecious]. Stem: brittle; 2° branches generally many. Leaf: simple, entire, opposite, 4-ranked, with blade or scale-like (then each pair generally fused). Inflorescence: spikes or cymes, axillary or terminal; bracts opposite, 4-ranked, scale-like, each pair fused. Flower: unisexual, radial, 2--4 mm; perianth parts in 1 series. Staminate Flower: perianth parts 3--4(7); anthers generally sessile, opposite and generally on perianth parts. Pistillate Flower: perianth parts generally 2--4; ovary inferior, 1-chambered, style unbranched, stigma +- obscure. Fruit: berry, shiny. Seed: 1(2), without thickened coat, gelatinous.
Genera In Family: 7 genera, +- 450 species: tropics, generally northern temperate. Toxicity: All parts of most members may be TOXIC. Note: Sometimes included in Loranthaceae; parasitic on plants in many other families.
eFlora Treatment Author: Job Kuijt
Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
Genus: PhoradendronView DescriptionDichotomous Key


Common Name: MISTLETOE
Habit: Perennial, woody at least at base, glabrous or short-hairy. Stem: generally > 20 cm, not angled, green, less often +- red. Leaf: with blade or < 1 mm, scale-like. Inflorescence: spikes, few- to many-flowered, peduncled; flowers +- sunken into axis. Flower: perianth parts generally 3. Staminate Flower: anthers 2-chambered. Pistillate Flower: perianth parts persistent. Fruit: +- 3--6 mm, +- spheric, 1-colored, white, pink, or +- red, bird-dispersed; pedicel 0. Chromosomes: n=14.
Etymology: (Greek: tree thief)
Unabridged Note: Phoradendron leucarpum (Raf.) Reveal & M.C. Johnst. (Phoradendron serotinum (DC.) A. Gray; name change relative to TJM2 made necessary by ruling of Committee for Spermatophyta) collected in Texas for sale nationally in Christmas trade; other species similarly important locally. Plants at some sites (e.g., Pinnacles National Monument) do not conform to key(s) and/or descriptions, as to hosts and/or morphology (see Kuijt 2003); such problems thus far unsolved, though minimized here.
eFlora Treatment Author: Job Kuijt
Reference: Abbott & Thompson 2011 J Bot Res Inst Texas 5:139--141; Kuijt 2003 Syst Bot Monogr 66:1--643
Phoradendron bolleanum (Seem.) Eichler
NATIVE
Stem: 3--6 dm, erect-spreading, green to olive-green, glabrous; internodes 6--22 mm. Leaf: (5)10--25 mm, 2--8 mm wide, oblanceolate-oblong. Staminate Inflorescence: fertile internodes 1(2), 6--20-flowered. Pistillate Inflorescence: fertile internodes generally 1, 2-flowered. Fruit: +- 4 mm, white to straw-colored or +- pink, glabrous.
Ecology: Pinyon/juniper woodland, on Hesperocyparis, Juniperus, locally on Abies concolor; Elevation: 200--2500 m. Bioregional Distribution: KR, NCoR, CaR, n SNH, c&s SN, CW, TR, PR, GB, D; Distribution Outside California: to southern Oregon, central and southern Arizona, northwestern Mexico. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug
Synonyms: Phoradendron bolleanum subsp. densum (Torr. ex Trel.) Wiens; Phoradendron bolleanum subsp. pauciflorum (Torr.) Wiens; Phoradendron bolleanum var. densum (Torr. ex Trel.) Fosberg; Phoradendron bolleanum var. pauciflorum (Torr.) Fosberg; Phoradendron densum Torr. ex Trel.; Phoradendron pauciflorum Torr.
Jepson eFlora Author: Job Kuijt
Reference: Abbott & Thompson 2011 J Bot Res Inst Texas 5:139--141; Kuijt 2003 Syst Bot Monogr 66:1--643
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)

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Citation for this treatment: Job Kuijt 2013, Phoradendron bolleanum, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 1, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=37893, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 03, 2024.

Phoradendron bolleanum
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©2009 Neal Kramer
Phoradendron bolleanum
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©2014 Steve Matson
Phoradendron bolleanum
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©2014 Steve Matson
Phoradendron bolleanum
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©2007 California Academy of Sciences
Phoradendron bolleanum
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©2009 Neal Kramer

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Geographic subdivisions for Phoradendron bolleanum:
KR, NCoR, CaR, n SNH, c&s SN, CW, TR, PR, GB, D
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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View all CCH records
All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).