Common Name: LEGUME FAMILY Habit: Annual to tree. Leaf: generally alternate, generally compound, generally stipuled, generally entire, pinnately veined Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, umbel or head; or flowers 1--few in axils. Flower: generally bisexual, generally bilateral; hypanthium 0 or flat to tubular; sepals generally 5, generally fused; petals generally 5, free, fused, or lower 2 +- united into keel (see 3, Key to Groups, for banner, wings); stamens 10 or many (or [1], 5, 6, 7, 9), free or fused or 10 with 9 filaments at least partly fused, 1 (uppermost) free; pistil 1, ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, ovules 1--many, style, stigma 1. Fruit: legume, including a stalk-like base (above receptacle) or not. Seed: 1--many, often +- reniform, generally hard, smooth. Genera In Family: +- 730 genera, 19400 species: worldwide; with grasses, requisite in agriculture, most natural ecosystems. Many cultivated, most importantly Arachis, peanut; Glycine, soybean; Phaseolus, beans; Medicago, alfalfa; Trifolium, clovers; many orns. Note: Unless stated otherwise, fruit length including stalk-like base, number of 2° leaflets is per 1° leaflet. Upper suture of fruit adaxial, lower abaxial. Anthyllis vulneraria L. evidently a waif, a contaminant of legume seed from Europe. Laburnum anagyroides Medik., collected on Mount St. Helena in 1987, may be naturalized. Ceratonia siliqua L., carob tree (Group 2), differs from Gleditsia triacanthos L. in having evergreen (vs deciduous) leaves that are 1-pinnate (vs 1-pinnate on spurs on old stems, 2-pinnate on new stems) with 2--5(8) (vs 7--17) 1° leaflets, commonly cultivated, now naturalized in southern California. Aeschynomene rudis Benth. , Halimodendron halodendron (Pall.) Voss (possibly extirpated), Lens culinaris Medik. are agricultural weeds. Caragana arborescens Lam. only cult. Ononis alopecuroides L. , Sphaerophysa salsula (Pall.) DC. all evidently extirpated. Cercidium moved to Parkinsonia; Chamaecytisus to Cytisus; Psoralidium lanceolatum to Ladeania. eFlora Treatment Author: Martin F. Wojciechowski, except as noted Scientific Editor: Martin F. Wojciechowski, Thomas J. Rosatti.
Common Name: ALFALFA, MEDICK Habit: Annual, perennial herb, unarmed, generally hairy. Stem: prostrate to erect. Leaf: subpalmately compound or generally odd-1-pinnate; stipules +- fused to petiole, entire or deeply cut; leaflets 3, generally dentate near tip. Inflorescence: axillary or terminal, raceme, generally umbel- or +- head-like, 1--many-flowered. Flower: calyx lobes +- equal or not; corolla yellow or purple; 9 filaments fused, 1 free. Fruit: indehiscent, reniform or generally spirally coiled 1.5--8 turns (or sickle-shaped or straight), generally prickly. Seed: 1--several. Etymology: (Greek: Medice, now Media, Asia Minor, source of alfalfa) Note:Medicago muricata possibly naturalized in Carrizo Plain. eFlora Treatment Author: Martin F. Wojciechowski & Duane Isely Unabridged Reference: Small & Jomphe 1989 Canad J Bot 67:3260--3294
Medicago polymorpha L.
NATURALIZED Habit: Annual, generally glabrous. Stem: prostrate, mat-forming, or ascending, 1--5 dm. Leaf: stipules generally cut +- >= 1/2 width; leaflets generally 10--20 mm, wedge-shaped to obcordate, length 1--2 × width. Inflorescence: 2--6-flowered. Flower: calyx +- 3 mm; corolla 3.5--6 mm, yellow. Fruit: a loose spiral, coiled 2--6 turns, ovate to short-cylindric; gray to black, generally prickly, hairs 0. Seed: several. Chromosomes: 2n=14. Ecology: Common. Chaparral, oak woodland, streambanks, roadsides, disturbed areas; Elevation: < 1500 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP; Distribution Outside California: widespread in southern United States, warm-temp; native to Mediterranean, Europe. Flowering Time: Mar--Jul Note: Provides spring pasture in California; bur-like fruits lodge in fur. Synonyms: Medicago hispida Gaertn.; Medicago hispida var. confinis (W.D.J. Koch) Burnat; Medicago hispida var. hispida; Medicago polymorpha L. var. brevispina (Benth.) Heyn; Medicago minima (L.) Bartal. var. brevispina Benth.; Medicago minima subsp. brevispina (Benth.) Ponert Jepson eFlora Author: Martin F. Wojciechowski & Duane Isely Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) View the CDFA Pest Rating page for Medicago polymorpha Weed listed by Cal-IPC Previous taxon: Medicago orbicularis Next taxon: Medicago praecox
Botanical illustration including Medicago polymorpha
Citation for this treatment: Martin F. Wojciechowski & Duane Isely 2012, Medicago polymorpha, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=32938, accessed on December 02, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 02, 2024.
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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
