Jepson Herbarium
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Vascular Plants of California
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Gazania linearis


Higher Taxonomy
Family: Asteraceae (Compositae)View DescriptionDichotomous Key
Common Name: SUNFLOWER FAMILY
Habit: Annual to tree. Leaf: basal and/or cauline, alternate, opposite, rarely whorled, simple to 2+ × compound. Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, resembling a flower, of several types (see below), 1--many in generally +- cyme-like cluster; each head generally with +- calyx-like involucre of 1--many series of phyllaries (involucre bracts); receptacle of head flat to conic or columnar, paleate (bearing paleae = receptacle bracts) or epaleate; flowers 1--many per head. Flower: bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, +- small, of several types (see below); calyx 0 or modified into +- persistent pappus of bristles, scales, and/or awns; corolla radial or bilateral (0), lobes generally (0)3--5; stamens 4--5, filaments generally free, generally fused to corolla at tube/throat junction, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, anther base generally rounded or cordate (deeply sagittate or with tail-like appendages), tip (= flattened appendage) generally projecting beyond pollen sac; pistil 1, 2-carpeled, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, placenta basal, style 1, tip generally +- 2-branched (except in some staminate disk flowers), branch tips truncate or generally bearing +- brush-like appendages; stigmas 2, generally on adaxial faces of style branches. Fruit: achene (also called a cypsela) (drupe in Chrysanthemoides), cylindric to ovoid, sometimes compressed, generally deciduous with pappus attached.
Genera In Family: +- 1500 genera, 23000 species: worldwide, many habitats. Note: Flower and head types differ in form and sexual condition. A disk flower has a generally radial corolla, with a cylindric tube, expanded throat, and generally 5 lobes. Disk flowers are generally bisexual and fertile but occasionally staminate with reduced ovaries. Discoid heads comprise only disk flowers. A radiant head is a variant of a discoid head, with peripheral disk flower corollas expanded, often bilateral. A ray flower corolla is bilateral, generally with a slender tube and flattened petal-like ray (single lip composed of generally 3 lobes). Ray flowers are generally pistillate or sterile (occasionally lacking styles). Radiate heads have peripheral ray flowers and central disk flowers. Disciform heads superficially resemble discoid heads, with pistillate or sterile flowers that lack rays, together with or separate from disk flowers. A ligulate flower is bisexual, with a bilateral, generally ephemeral corolla and 5-lobed ligule. Liguliflorous heads comprise only ligulate flowers. See glossary p. 31 for illustrations of family characteristics. Echinops sphaerocephalus L., Gaillardia aristata Pursh, Gaillardia pulchella Foug., Hymenothrix loomisii S.F. Blake, Tagetes erecta L., Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze are waifs. Melampodium perfoliatum Kunth, historic urban waif. Ageratum conyzoides L., Guizotia abyssinica (L. f.) Cass., Santolina chamaecyparisus L., orth. var. are rare or uncommon escapes from cultivation. Dyssodia papposa, Ismelia carinata (Schousb.) Sch. Bip. [Chrysanthemum carinatum Schousb.], Mantisalca salmantica (L.) Briq. & Cavill. are historical or extirpated waifs in California. Inula helenium L. not documented in California. Taxa of Aster in TJM (1993) treated here in Almutaster, Doellingeria, Eurybia, Ionactis, Oreostemma, Sericocarpus, Symphyotrichum; Chamomilla in Matricaria; Bahia in Hymenothrix; Cnicus in Centaurea; Conyza in Erigeron and Laennecia; Dugaldia in Hymenoxys; Erechtites in Senecio; Hymenoclea in Ambrosia; Lembertia in Monolopia; Osteospermum ecklonis in Dimorphotheca; Picris echioides in Helminthotheca; Prionopsis in Grindelia; Raillardiopsis in Anisocarpus and Carlquistia; Schkuhria multiflora in Picradeniopsis; Trimorpha in Erigeron; Venidium in Arctotis; Viguiera in Aldama and Bahiopsis; Whitneya in Arnica. Amauriopsis in TJM2 (2012) treated here in Hymenothrix; Arida in Leucosyris; Bahia in Picradeniopsis; Eucephalus in Doellingeria.
Unabridged Note: Largest family of vascular plants in California and of eudicots globally.
eFlora Treatment Author: David J. Keil, except as noted
Scientific Editor: David J. Keil, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Genus: GazaniaView Description 


Common Name: TREASURE FLOWER
Habit: Perennial herb [annual, shrub], generally cespitose; juice milky. Leaf: basal [cauline], margin +- entire to dentate or pinnately lobed. Inflorescence: scapose; heads radiate, showy, 1; phyllaries in 2--4 series, fused proximally; receptacle conic or convex, pitted, epaleate. Ray Flower: sterile; ray yellow or orange, variously marked, closing in shade and at night; style 0. Disk Flower: corolla generally yellow or +- orange; anther base minutely sagittate, tip ovate-triangular; style slender proximally, thickened distally to a minutely hairy node, branches minute. Fruit: obovoid, long-hairy; pappus of slender scales +- hidden by hairs.
Etymology: (Greek: riches or royal treasure, or for Theodorus of Gaza, died 1478, translator of Theophrastus' works) Note: Local, not naturalized populations may be other species of Gazania or hybrid cultivars involving Gazania krebsiana Less.
eFlora Treatment Author: Alison M. Mahoney, Robert J. McKenzie, & Elizabeth McClintock
Reference: Mahoney 2006 FNANM 19:196--197
Gazania linearis (Thunb.) Druce
NATURALIZED
Stem: short, decumbent. Leaf: in loose rosettes; blades of 2 kinds or not, 10--20(38) × 0.6--1 cm, linear to lanceolate, entire, or 2.5--5 cm wide, oblanceolate to oblong and pinnately-lobed, gradually narrowed to winged petiole, ultimate margin generally entire, occasionally prickly, rolled under, abaxially white-woolly, adaxially +- dark green, glabrous to cobwebby. Inflorescence: heads 3.5--8 cm diam; phyllaries +- pouched at base. Ray Flower: 13--18; ray 4--5 cm, yellow or orange, generally with dark abaxial stripe and proximal adaxial spot. Disk Flower: corolla +- 8 mm, +- red-orange. Fruit: 1--2 mm; pappus scales 7--8, 3--4 mm, hidden by hairs.
Ecology: Uncommon. Escape from cultivation in coastal areas, disturbed areas; Elevation: < 1350 m. Bioregional Distribution: CCo, SnFrB, SCo, PR; Distribution Outside California: New Mexico?; native to southern Africa. Flowering Time: All year
Synonyms: Gazania longiscapa DC.
Jepson eFlora Author: Alison M. Mahoney, Robert J. McKenzie, & Elizabeth McClintock
Reference: Mahoney 2006 FNANM 19:196--197
Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)
View the CDFA Pest Rating page for Gazania linearis
Weed listed by Cal-IPC

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Citation for this treatment: Alison M. Mahoney, Robert J. McKenzie, & Elizabeth McClintock 2012, Gazania linearis, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=3052, accessed on December 02, 2024.

Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 02, 2024.

Gazania linearis
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©2002 Tony Morosco
Gazania linearis
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©2009 Thomas Stoughton
Gazania linearis
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©2002 Tony Morosco
Gazania linearis
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©2008 Neal Kramer
Gazania linearis
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©2002 Tony Morosco

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Geographic subdivisions for Gazania linearis:
CCo, SnFrB, SCo, PR
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map of distribution 1

(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).






 

Data provided by the participants of the  Consortium of California Herbaria.

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All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
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CCH collections by month Flowering-Fruiting Monthly Counts

Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).