Common Name: SUNFLOWER FAMILY Habit: Annual to tree. Leaf: basal and/or cauline, alternate, opposite, rarely whorled, simple to 2+ × compound. Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, resembling a flower, of several types (see below), 1--many in generally +- cyme-like cluster; each head generally with +- calyx-like involucre of 1--many series of phyllaries (involucre bracts); receptacle of head flat to conic or columnar, paleate (bearing paleae = receptacle bracts) or epaleate; flowers 1--many per head. Flower: bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, +- small, of several types (see below); calyx 0 or modified into +- persistent pappus of bristles, scales, and/or awns; corolla radial or bilateral (0), lobes generally (0)3--5; stamens 4--5, filaments generally free, generally fused to corolla at tube/throat junction, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, anther base generally rounded or cordate (deeply sagittate or with tail-like appendages), tip (= flattened appendage) generally projecting beyond pollen sac; pistil 1, 2-carpeled, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, placenta basal, style 1, tip generally +- 2-branched (except in some staminate disk flowers), branch tips truncate or generally bearing +- brush-like appendages; stigmas 2, generally on adaxial faces of style branches. Fruit: achene (also called a cypsela) (drupe in Chrysanthemoides), cylindric to ovoid, sometimes compressed, generally deciduous with pappus attached. Genera In Family: +- 1500 genera, 23000 species: worldwide, many habitats. Note: Flower and head types differ in form and sexual condition. A disk flower has a generally radial corolla, with a cylindric tube, expanded throat, and generally 5 lobes. Disk flowers are generally bisexual and fertile but occasionally staminate with reduced ovaries. Discoid heads comprise only disk flowers. A radiant head is a variant of a discoid head, with peripheral disk flower corollas expanded, often bilateral. A ray flower corolla is bilateral, generally with a slender tube and flattened petal-like ray (single lip composed of generally 3 lobes). Ray flowers are generally pistillate or sterile (occasionally lacking styles). Radiate heads have peripheral ray flowers and central disk flowers. Disciform heads superficially resemble discoid heads, with pistillate or sterile flowers that lack rays, together with or separate from disk flowers. A ligulate flower is bisexual, with a bilateral, generally ephemeral corolla and 5-lobed ligule. Liguliflorous heads comprise only ligulate flowers. See glossary p. 31 for illustrations of family characteristics. Echinops sphaerocephalus L., Gaillardia aristata Pursh, Gaillardia pulchella Foug., Hymenothrix loomisii S.F. Blake, Tagetes erecta L., Thelesperma megapotamicum (Spreng.) Kuntze are waifs. Melampodium perfoliatum Kunth, historic urban waif. Ageratum conyzoides L., Guizotia abyssinica (L. f.) Cass., Santolina chamaecyparisus L., orth. var. are rare or uncommon escapes from cultivation. Dyssodia papposa, Ismelia carinata (Schousb.) Sch. Bip. [Chrysanthemum carinatum Schousb.], Mantisalca salmantica (L.) Briq. & Cavill. are historical or extirpated waifs in California. Inula helenium L. not documented in California. Taxa of Aster in TJM (1993) treated here in Almutaster, Doellingeria, Eurybia, Ionactis, Oreostemma, Sericocarpus, Symphyotrichum; Chamomilla in Matricaria; Bahia in Hymenothrix; Cnicus in Centaurea; Conyza in Erigeron and Laennecia; Dugaldia in Hymenoxys; Erechtites in Senecio; Hymenoclea in Ambrosia; Lembertia in Monolopia; Osteospermum ecklonis in Dimorphotheca; Picris echioides in Helminthotheca; Prionopsis in Grindelia; Raillardiopsis in Anisocarpus and Carlquistia; Schkuhria multiflora in Picradeniopsis; Trimorpha in Erigeron; Venidium in Arctotis; Viguiera in Aldama and Bahiopsis; Whitneya in Arnica. Amauriopsis in TJM2 (2012) treated here in Hymenothrix; Arida in Leucosyris; Bahia in Picradeniopsis; Eucephalus in Doellingeria. Unabridged Note: Largest family of vascular plants in California and of eudicots globally. eFlora Treatment Author: David J. Keil, except as noted Scientific Editor: David J. Keil, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: FIRE WHEEL, BLANKET FLOWER Habit: Annual, perennial herb. Leaf: basal and cauline, alternate, proximal often petioled, distal sessile; blade entire, toothed, or pinnately lobed. Inflorescence: heads radiate or discoid, 1 or in leafy cyme; peduncle slender, bracts generally 0 or few; involucre hemispheric; phyllaries in 2--3 series, generally reflexed in fruit; receptacle rounded to spheric, +- pitted, epaleate but with stiff awn-like projections. Ray Flower: [0] few to many, pistillate or sterile; rays showy, yellow to red or purple, often multicolored, generally deeply 3-lobed. Disk Flower: many; corolla yellow to red or purple, generally long-hairy; anther tip narrowly triangular; style tips awl-like, bristly. Fruit: obpyramidal, generally hairy; pappus of 5--10 scales, often awn-tipped. Etymology: (Gaillard de Charentonneau, 18th century French botanist) Note: Several species and hybrids common in cultivation, occasionally escaped in California but probably not established. eFlora Treatment Author: David J. Keil Reference: Strother 2006 FNANM 21:421--426
Gaillardia pulchella Foug.
WAIF Habit: Plant rough-hairy throughout. Stem: 1--many from base, 2--4 dm. Leaf: variable; proximal 4--8 cm, oblong to lance-ovate, entire to pinnately lobed; distal smaller, entire or toothed. Inflorescence: heads radiate, generally several; peduncles 5--15 cm; phyllaries +- 10 mm; receptacle projections 1.5--3 mm, = or only slightly > fruits. Ray Flower: 10--many; rays 12--20 mm. Disk Flower: corolla red to purple, +- 7 mm. Fruit: 2--2.5 mm, hairy; pappus 5--8 mm, awn tip +- = body of scale. Chromosomes: 2n=34,36. Ecology: Disturbed sites; Elevation: < 1000 m. Bioregional Distribution: SNF, SnFrB, SW, MP; Distribution Outside California: native to Texas and nearby states. Note: Occasional garden escape; sometimes in wildflower seed mixes. Unabridged Note: Many cultivated forms exist with great variation in flower color and size. Ornamental hybrids with Gaillardia aristata are Gaillaria ×grandiflora Van Houtte. Jepson eFlora Author: David J. Keil Reference: Strother 2006 FNANM 21:421--426 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Gaillardia aristata Next taxon: Galinsoga
Citation for this treatment: David J. Keil 2012, Gaillardia pulchella, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=3017, accessed on December 02, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on December 02, 2024.
No expert verified images found for Gaillardia pulchella.
MAP CONTROLS 1. You can change the display of the base map layer control box in the upper right-hand corner.
2. County and Jepson Region polygons can be turned off and on using the check boxes.
(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
READ ABOUT YELLOW FLAGS
CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).