Common Name: RUSH FAMILY Habit: Annual, perennial herb generally from rhizomes. Stem: round or flat. Leaf: generally basal; sheath margins fused, or overlapping and generally with 2 ear-like extensions at blade junction; blade round, flat, or vestigial, glabrous or margin hairy. Inflorescence: head-like clusters or flowers 1, variously arranged; bracts subtending inflorescence 2, generally leaf-like; bracts subtending inflorescence branches 1--2, reduced; bractlets subtending flowers generally 1--2, generally translucent. Flower: generally bisexual, radial; sepals and petals similar, persistent, scale-like, green to brown or +- purple-black; stamens generally 3 or 6, anthers linear, persistent; pistil 1, ovary superior, chambers generally 1 or 3, placentas 1 and basal or 3 and axile or parietal, stigmas generally > style. Fruit: capsule, loculicidal. Seed: 3--many, generally with white appendages on 1 or both ends. Genera In Family: 7 genera, 440 species: temperate, arctic, and tropical mountains. Note: Flowers late spring to early fall. eFlora Treatment Author: Peter F. Zika, except as noted Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: RUSH Habit: Rhizome 0 or generally with scale-like leaves. Stem: generally cylindric or flat. Leaf: blade well developed and cylindric or flat, occasionally closely resembling stem, or reduced to small point; crosswalls generally present; appendages generally present at blade-sheath junction. Inflorescence: generally terminal, appearing lateral when pushed aside by inflorescence bract; bractlets 0--2. Flower: sepals, petals similar; stamens generally 3 or 6(2); pistil 1, ovary chambers 1--3, placentas axile or parietal, stigmas generally 3(2). Seed: many. Etymology: (Latin: to join or bind, from use of stems) Note: All species with leaf crosswalls may have leaves, stems swollen, deformed by sucking insects. Fruiting time given instead of flowering time. Plants included in TJM2 as Juncus brachyphyllus now treated in California as a new species, Juncus trilocularis (Zika 2012 Rhodora 114:309--329); Juncus bulbosus, Juncus dichotomus, and Juncus elliottii, only noted as naturalized in TJM2, now fully treated. eFlora Treatment Author: Peter F. Zika Reference: [Ertter 1986 Mem New York Bot Gard 39:1--90]
Juncus macrophyllus Coville
NATIVE Habit: Perennial herb, loosely cespitose, 20--100 cm; rhizome short. Leaf: generally basal; sheath appendages (0.7)1.5--3.4 mm, membranous; blade with flat side toward stem, generally = stem, 1.5--3 mm wide, +- channeled, midrib prominent; cauline leaves 1--2, thick. Inflorescence: lowest bract leaf-like, < inflorescence; branches ascending; clusters 8--30, 3--5-flowered. Flower: perianth parts 4--6 mm, sepals < petals, margins membranous, midveins generally red-streaked, not papillate; stamens 6, filaments << anthers. Fruit: generally <= perianth, obovoid, +- abruptly beaked, shiny brown. Seed: narrowly elliptic; appendages short. Ecology: Uncommon. Wet slopes, creekbanks; Elevation: 700--2600 m. Bioregional Distribution: s SN, SCoRO, SCo, TR, PR (exc SnJt), DMtns; Distribution Outside California: to southwestern Utah, Arizona, Baja California. Fruiting Time: Jul--Oct Jepson eFlora Author: Peter F. Zika Reference: [Ertter 1986 Mem New York Bot Gard 39:1--90] Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Juncus macrandrus Next taxon: Juncus marginatus
Botanical illustration including Juncus macrophyllus
Citation for this treatment: Peter F. Zika 2015, Juncus macrophyllus, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 3, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=29680, accessed on October 04, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on October 04, 2024.
Geographic subdivisions for Juncus macrophyllus:
s SN, SCoRO, SCo, TR, PR (exc SnJt), DMtns
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).
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Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).