Common Name: BORAGE or WATERLEAF FAMILY Habit: Annual to shrub or small tree, or non-green root parasite, often bristly or sharp-hairy. Stem: prostrate to erect. Leaf: basal and/or cauline, generally simple, generally alternate. Inflorescence: generally cymes, or panicle-, raceme-, head-, or spike-like, generally coiled in flower (often described as scorpioid), generally elongating in fruit, or flowers 1--2 per axil. Flower: bisexual, generally radial; sepals (4)5(10), fused at least at base, or free; corolla (4)5(10)-lobed, salverform, funnel-shaped, rotate, or bell-shaped, generally without scales at tube base, with 0 or 5 appendages at tube top, alternate stamens; stamens epipetalous; ovary generally superior, entire to 4-lobed, style 1(2), entire or 2-lobed or -branched. Fruit: valvate or circumscissile capsule or nutlets 1--4, free (fused), smooth to roughened, prickly or bristly or not. Genera In Family: +- 120 genera, +- 2300 species: tropics, temperate, especially western North America, Mediterranean; some cultivated (Borago, Heliotropium, Echium, Myosotis, Nemophila, Phacelia, Symphytum, Wigandia). Toxicity: Many genera may be TOXIC from pyrrolizidine alkaloids or accumulated nitrates. Note: Recently treated to include Hydrophyllaceae, Lennoaceae. Wigandia urens added, as naturalized. eFlora Treatment Author: Ronald B. Kelley, Robert Patterson, Richard R. Halse & Timothy C. Messick, family description, key to genera, treatment of genera by Ronald B. Kelley, except as noted Scientific Editor: Ronald B. Kelley, Robert Patterson, Thomas J. Rosatti, Bruce G. Baldwin, David J. Keil.
Common Name: FIDDLENECK Habit: Annual; hairs generally bristly, often bulbous-based. Stem: generally erect, 2--12 dm, generally green. Leaf: basal and cauline, alternate, sessile or lower short-petioled, generally linear to narrow-lanceolate or -oblong, generally not succulent, +- entire. Inflorescence: spike-like cymes, generally +- terminal, tip coiled. Flower: generally radial; calyx lobes 5 or 2--4 (see key); corolla tube generally not constricted, generally orange or yellow (red-orange), appendages generally 0, throat generally open, glabrous, limb on large-flowered taxa generally with 5 dark spots. Fruit: nutlets erect, +- triangular, adaxially generally with exposed elliptic attachment scar, generally with rounded or sharp tubercles. Species In Genus: 14 species: western North America, southwestern South America, widely alien elsewhere. Etymology: (W. Amsinck, patron of Hamburg Botanic Garden, 1752--1831) Note: Self-compatible; often heterostylous; large-flowered taxa generally cross-pollinated, small-flowered self-pollinated. eFlora Treatment Author: Ronald B. Kelley & Fred R. Ganders Unabridged Reference: Ray & Chisaki 1957 Amer J Bot 44:529--554; Suksdorf 1931 Werdenda 1:47--113; Kelley & Seiber 1992 Phytochemistry 31:2369--2387
Amsinckia menziesii (Lehm.) A. Nelson & J.F. Macbr.
NATIVE Stem: decumbent to +- ascending, green to brown, spreading-bristly, branches +- many, from base. Leaf: spreading, green, coarse-hairy to bristly. Flower: calyx lobes 5, +- equal, not fused above base; corolla 4--7 mm, tube +- exserted, tube 10-veined near base, limb 1--3 mm diam, yellow to orange-yellow, generally spotted; stamens attached above middle of tube, anthers generally appressed to stigma; style to throat. Fruit: 2--3.5 mm, +- sharp-tubercled, occasionally ridged. Chromosomes: 2n=34. Ecology: Shade-tolerant, open, disturbed areas at forest/woodland edges; Elevation: < 1700 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP, MP; Distribution Outside California: to Alaska, Idaho; naturalized in central and eastern United States; also in South America. Flowering Time: May--Jul Note: Homostylous. Synonyms: Amsinckia menziesii var. menziesii; Amsinckia micrantha Suksd. Unabridged Note: Occurrence in California in need of verification. See note under Amsinckia retrorsa Suksd. Jepson eFlora Author: Ronald B. Kelley & Fred R. Ganders Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Amsinckia lycopsoides Next taxon: Amsinckia retrorsa
Botanical illustration including Amsinckia menziesii
Citation for this treatment: Ronald B. Kelley & Fred R. Ganders 2012, Amsinckia menziesii, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=13145, accessed on January 17, 2021.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2021, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on January 17, 2021.
MAP CONTROLS 1. You can change the display of the base map and layers by clicking on the layer control box in the upper right-hand corner.
2. California county polygons can be turned off and on in the layer control box.
3. Filling of Jepson subdivision polygons can be turned off and on in the layer control box.
4. Moving the cursor over any numbered cluster will show the range boundary of the included specimens (with a blue polygon).
5. Marker clustering can be turned off by clicking this link:
Marker Clustering OFF WARNING: Turning this off might cause maps with large numbers of specimens to load slowly.
(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
READ ABOUT YELLOW FLAGS
CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).