Higher Taxonomy
Common Name: POPPY FAMILY Habit: Annual to small tree; sap colorless, yellow, orange, red, or white. Leaf: basal, cauline, or both, simple and entire, toothed, or lobed, or 1--3-pinnate-dissected or compound; cauline generally alternate; stipules 0. Inflorescence: terminal, 1-flowered or cyme, raceme, or panicle; bracts generally present. Flower: bisexual, radial, bilateral, or biradial; sepals 2--3, shed after flower; petals generally 2 × sepals in number; stamens generally many; ovary 1, superior, chamber 1, style 0 or 1, stigmas or lobes 2--many, ovules few to many. Fruit: capsule, dehiscent by valves or pores, +- nut, or breaking transversely into 1-seeded, indehiscent units. Seed: fleshy appendage generally 0. Genera In Family: 25--30 genera, 200 species: northern temperate, northern tropics; some cultivated (Papaver, Eschscholzia, Hunnemannia), source of opiates. Note: Stylomecon moved to Papaver. Corydalis, Dicentra, Fumaria in Fumariaceae in FNANM, elsewhere. Glaucium flavum Crantz is a waif. According to FNANM (3:300--301), Hunnemannia fumariifolia Sweet (+- like Eschscholzia except sepals free) an occasional waif in California, but documentation evidently lacking. Fleshy appendage of seed sometimes for dispersal by ants. eFlora Treatment Author: Gary L. Hannan & Curtis Clark, except as noted Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.
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Argemone
Habit: Annual, perennial herb, spiny; sap yellow, orange, or white. Leaf: generally cauline, ovate to oblanceolate, toothed or deeply pinnate-lobed, prickly. Inflorescence: terminal, 1-flowered. Flower: sepals (2)3, prickly, with pointed appendage below tip, shed at flower; petals (4)6, free, obovate to obdeltate, crinkled, white, shed after flower; stamens 100--250, free; carpels 3--5, style 0 or 1, stigma lobes 3--5. Fruit: ovate to lanceolate, prickly, dehiscent from top by slits. Seed: many, 1--2.5 mm, round to ovate, net-ridged, brown or black. Species In Genus: +- 30 species: North America, South America, Hawaii. Etymology: (Greek: a poppy-like plant mentioned by Pliny) Jepson eFlora Author: Gary L. Hannan & Curtis Clark Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)Key to Argemone
Previous taxon: Arctomecon merriamiiNext taxon: Argemone corymbosa
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Citation for this treatment: Gary L. Hannan & Curtis Clark 2012, Argemone, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=10822, accessed on April 23, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 23, 2024.
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