Common Name: BROOMRAPE FAMILY Habit: Annual, perennial herb, shrub; often glandular; root-parasites, roots modified into absorptive structures. Stem: generally round in ×-section. Leaf: generally simple, generally alternate, reduced to +- fleshy scales in non-green plants lacking chlorophyll; stipules generally 0. Inflorescence: spike to panicle, generally bracted, or flowers 1--2 in axils. Flower: bisexual; calyx lobes 0--5; corolla generally strongly bilateral, generally 2-lipped (upper lip generally 2-lobed, lower lip generally 3-lobed), abaxial lobes outside other lobes in bud; stamens epipetalous, 4 in 2 pairs (sometimes 1 pair sterile), additional staminode 0(1), anther sacs unequal; ovary superior, chambers 1--2, placentas 2--4, parietal, style 1, stigma lobes 0 or 2. Fruit: capsule, generally +- ovoid, loculicidal, valves 2--4. Seed: many, small, angled; surface smooth or netted. Genera In Family: +- 100 genera, 2060 species: worldwide, especially northern temperate and Africa. Note: High yield losses in many crops caused by Orobanche and Phelipanche species in Africa, Mediterranean, Middle East, and eastern Europe. Taxa of Orobanche in TJM2 treated here in Aphyllon and Phelipanche. eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax, except as noted Scientific Editor: Robert W. Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Habit: Annual, green. Leaf: alternate, sessile, entire to 3-lobed. Inflorescence: spike; bracts generally distinct from leaves, 1 per flower, entire to 5-lobed, tips generally colored. Flower: calyx unequally 4-lobed, deepest sinus adaxial; corolla club-shaped, upper lip folded lengthwise, tip rounded, closed, opening directed downward forming a hood enclosing anthers and style, lower lip shorter, +- 3-pouched, (0)3-toothed; stamens 4, anther sacs 2, unequal; style, stigma slender. Fruit: generally +- notched. Seed: generally 8--15, often +- curved, +- keeled, attached at side; coat netted or ridged, tight-fitting. Etymology: (Greek: straight fruit) Note: Close to Cordylanthus; other species formerly placed here are Castilleja (owl's-clovers) or Triphysaria (Johnny-tuck). eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax, T.I. Chuang & Lawrence R. Heckard Reference: Chuang & Heckard 1992 Syst Bot 17:560--582
Orthocarpus bracteosus Benth.
NATIVE Habit: Plant 10--40 cm, minutely scabrous, glandular-puberulent, generally becoming +- purple-tinged. Stem: generally simple, slender. Leaf: 15--35 mm, +- linear; proximal entire; distal 3-lobed to middle. Inflorescence: 3--20 cm, densely puberulent; bracts grading into distal leaves, 10--20 mm, +- ovate, green or distal occasionally becoming purple-tinged, 2 lateral lobes proximal to middle, central lobe +- lanceolate, 3--5 mm wide. Flower: calyx 6--10 mm, divided 1/2 abaxially and on sides, 2/3 adaxially; corolla generally 12--20 mm, white to +- purple, exserted, lips +- equal, beak 4--6 mm, beak tip strongly hooked, glabrous, lower lip deeply pouched, teeth 0; stigma barely exserted. Fruit: 5--7 mm. Seed: light brown. Chromosomes: 2n=30. Ecology: Moist meadows; Elevation: 500--2000 m. Bioregional Distribution: CaR, n SNH (Plumas Co.), MP; Distribution Outside California: to British Columbia. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug Jepson eFlora Author: Margriet Wetherwax, T.I. Chuang & Lawrence R. Heckard Reference: Chuang & Heckard 1992 Syst Bot 17:560--582 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Orthocarpus Next taxon: Orthocarpus cuspidatus
Botanical illustration including Orthocarpus bracteosus
Citation for this treatment: Margriet Wetherwax, T.I. Chuang & Lawrence R. Heckard 2012, Orthocarpus bracteosus, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=35514, accessed on April 19, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
