Common Name: EVENING-PRIMROSE FAMILY Habit: Annual to perennial herb (to tree). Leaf: cauline or basal, alternate, opposite, or whorled, generally simple and toothed (to pinnately compound); stipules 0 or generally deciduous. Inflorescence: spike, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1 in axils; bracted. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, often opening at either dawn or dusk; hypanthium generally prolonged beyond ovary (measured from ovary tip to sepal base); sepals 4(2--7); petals 4(2--7, rarely 0), often fading darker; stamens 2 × or = sepals in number, anthers 2-chambered, opening lengthwise, pollen interconnected by threads; ovary inferior, chambers generally as many as sepals (sometimes becoming 1), placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1--many per chamber, style 1, stigma 4-lobed (or lobes as many as sepals), club-shaped, spheric, or hemispheric. Fruit: capsule, loculicidal (sometimes berry or indehiscent and nut-like). Seed: sometimes winged or hair-tufted. Genera In Family: 22 genera, +- 657 species: worldwide, especially western North America; many cultivated (Clarkia, Epilobium, Fuchsia, Oenothera). Note:Gaura moved to Oenothera. Fuchsia magellanica Lam. naturalized in northern California. eFlora Treatment Author: Warren L. Wagner & Peter C. Hoch, family description, key to genera, treatment of genera by Warren L. Wagner, except as noted Scientific Editor: Robert W. Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: EVENING-PRIMROSE Habit: Annual to perennial herb, generally from taproot, occasionally rhizomed. Leaf: basal or cauline, alternate, generally pinnately toothed to lobed, generally sessile. Inflorescence: spike, raceme-like, or flowers in axils of distal, reduced leaves. Flower: radial or (sect. Gaura) bilateral, generally opening at dusk; sepals 4, reflexed in flower (sometimes 2--3 remaining adherent); petals 4, yellow, white, rose, or +- purple, generally fading +- orange to +- purple, tip notched or toothed; stamens 8, filaments sometimes (sect. Gaura) with paired teeth at base, anthers attached at middle; ovary chambers 4, stigma generally deeply lobed, generally > anthers and cross-pollinated (or +- = anthers and self-pollinated). Fruit: generally dehiscent, cylindric to ovoid or obovoid, cylindric to 4-winged or -angled, straight to curved, generally sessile (base sometimes seedless, stalk-like). Seed: in generally 2(1--3) rows per chamber, or clustered or reduced to 1--4 per fruit. Etymology: (Greek: wine-scented) Unabridged Note: Many species self-pollinated; some of these have chromosome peculiarities (ring of 14 in meiosis) and +- 50% pollen fertility; they yield genetically identical offspring. eFlora Treatment Author: Warren L. Wagner Reference: Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:1--240 Unabridged Reference: Raven & Gregory 1972 Mem Torrey Bot Club 23:1--96; Dietrich & Wagner 1988 Syst Bot Monogr 24:1--91; Wagner 2005 Syst Bot 30(2):332--355
Oenothera wolfii (Munz) P.H. Raven, W. Dietr. & Stubbe
NATIVE Habit: Biennial, rosetted, densely minutely strigose; many hairs also with red, blister-like base, some glandular. Stem: erect, 5--10 dm. Leaf: cauline 5--18 cm, narrowly lanceolate to elliptic, wavy-dentate, distal dentate. Inflorescence: spike. Flower: hypanthium 30--46 mm; sepals 17--28 mm, free tips in bud erect, 1--3 mm; petals 13--23 mm, yellow fading red-orange. Fruit: 30--48 mm, 5--8 mm wide, +- cylindric, +- straight. Seed: 1--2 mm, angled, irregularly pitted. Chromosomes: 2n=14. Ecology: Coastal sand, including dunes, bluffs, roadsides, generally moist places (perhaps also inland); Elevation: < 100 m (+- 800 m, Carrville, Trinity Co.). Bioregional Distribution: n NCo, KR; Distribution Outside California: Oregon. Flowering Time: May--Oct Note: Permanent translocation heterozygote. Synonyms: Oenothera hookeri Torr. & A. Gray subsp. wolfii Munz Jepson eFlora Author: Warren L. Wagner Reference: Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:1--240 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Listed on CNPS Rare Plant Inventory Previous taxon: Oenothera villosa subsp. strigosa Next taxon: Oenothera xenogaura
Citation for this treatment: Warren L. Wagner 2017, Oenothera wolfii, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, Revision 5, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=35065, accessed on February 07, 2025.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2025, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on February 07, 2025.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurrence).
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Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).