Spatoglossum asperum J. Agardh, 1894a: 36 (type locality: Sri Lanka).—De Toni, 1895b: 247–248.— Børgesen, 1935: 35.— Børgesen, 1937b: 313–314.— S. Dixit, 1940a: 92.— Børgesen, 1941: 48–49, pl. I.— S. Dixit, 1941: 127.— Newton, 1953: 398.— Chacko, Mahadevan, & R. Ganesan, 1955: 12.— Børgesen, 1957: 5–6, figs. 1, 2.— Durairatnam, 1961a: 34.— Varma, 1961: 223, 224.— E. Lewis & Gonzalves, 1962a: 301, tables 1–3.— Salim, 1965: 193, 196.— S. Dixit, 1966: 8.— Misra, 1966b: 160–161, fig. 85.— E. Lewis, 1967: 304.— Misra, 1967: 233.— Isaac, 1968: 3.— K. Srinivasan, 1969: 33, pl. XXXIII.— Umamaheswara Rao, 1969d: 41.— Gopalakrishnan, 1970: 64.— V. Krishnamurthy & H. Joshi, 1970: 11.— V. Krishnamurthy & Ganapathy, 1971: 295–296.— Subbaramaiah, 1971b: 22.— Pichon, 1974: 302.— Solimabi & Naqvi, 1975: 97, table 1.— Jaasund, 1976: 43, fig. 86.— Subbaramaiah et al., 1977: 59.— Agadi, Bhosle, & Untawale, 1978: 248.— Agadi & Untawale, 1978: 65, table 2.— Bukhari & Untawale, 1978: 71.— Chauhan, 1978: table 4.— Chauhan & Mairh, 1978: 34.— Gogate, Shah, & Unni, 1978: table 1.— M. Joseph, 1978a: 17.— B. Mehta & Parekh, 1978: 251.— Pichon, 1978: 192, 301, 420 (`Spathoglossum').— Knutzen & Jaasund, 1979: 4.— Naqvi et al., 1979: 456.— Dhargalkar, Jagtap, & Untawale, 1980: table 2.— Farghaly, 1980: 112.— Lawson, 1980: 29.— Maru, Parekh, & E. Lewis, 1980: table 1.— R. Parekh, Dave, & E. Lewis, 1980: table 1.— Naqvi et al., 1981: table I.— Nair, Sobha, & Arunachalam, 1982: 267 (table 1).— Sreenivasa Rao & Shelat, 1982: 93, tables 1, 2.— Untawale, Dhargalkar, & Agadi, 1983: [21], fig. 19.— Kesava Rao & Indusekhar, 1984: table 1.— Oza, 1984: 3.— M. Dave & Chauhan, 1985: table 1.— Dhargalkar, 1985: 80, fig. 1.— Jayasree, Solimabi, & Kamat, 1985: 228, table 1.— Sobha & Nair, 1985: 22.— Banaimoon, 1986: 129 (`asperm'), fig. 14.— Dhargalkar, 1986a: 33, 35, fig. 1, table 1.— Kesava Rao, 1986: table I.— Kesava Rao & Indusekhar, 1986: table I.— Nair et al., 1986: 736.— Nizamuddin & Perveen, 1986: 126–127, fig. 2 (`aspermum').— B. Subramanian, 1986: 87.— Chennubhotla, Kaliaperumal, & Kalimuthu, 1987a: 102–103.— Kesava Rao & Indusekhar, 1987a: table 2.— Kesava Rao & Indusekhar, 1987b: 3.— Shameel & Afaq Hussain, 1987: 295.— M. Begum & Khatoon, 1988: 298, 304.— Moorjani & Simpson, 1988: 21, pl. 39.— Awasthi, 1989: 78, tables 1, 2, 4.— Kesava Rao & Indusekhar, 1989c: table 1.— Mairh, Ramavat, et al., 1989: 3308, table 1.— Pant & Untawale, 1989: tables 4–7.— Shameel, Afaq-Husain, & Shahid-Husain, 1989: 179.— Untawale, Reddy, & Deshmukhe, 1989: fig. 2, tables 1, 2.— Kamat et al., 1991: 55.— Kesava Rao et al., 1991: table 1.— Kesava Rao & Untawale, 1991: 100.— Bhakuni et al., 1992: 515.— Kaliaperumal et al., 1992: 12.— Maya & Nair, 1992: 32.— Naqvi et al., 1992: 133.— Shameel & J. Tanaka, 1992: 39.— Subba Rao et al., 1992: 181, 182.— V. Kumar, 1993a: 139, 140.— V. Kumar, 1993b: 47.— Rama Rao et al., 1993: 106.— Ormond & Banaimoon, 1994: 117.
Misapplied name (fide Papenfuss notes):
Spatoglossum variabile.—Stephenson, 1947: 300.
INDIAN OCEAN DISTRIBUTION: Andaman Islands, southeast Arabian coast, India, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Nicobar Islands, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Yemen.