Thamnophora hypnoides Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1834: 175 (type locality: Cape Comorin, Tamil Nadu, India).
Spyridia hypnoides (Bory de Saint-Vincent) Papenfuss, 1968b: 281–282.—Jaasund, 1977b: 406.— Simons, 1977: 54, fig. 161.— Knutzen & Jaasund, 1979: 3.— Farghaly, 1980: 164, pl. XXVII: fig. 2.— Lawson, 1980: 61.— Wollaston, 1984: 297.— Stegenga & Bolton, 1992: fig. 3, table I.— Farrell, Critchley, & Aken, 1993: 151.
Taxonomic synonyms:
* Alsidium ericoides Hering, 1841: 91 (type locality: Port Natal [Durban], South Africa).—Krauss, 1846: 211.— Harvey, 1847 [1847–1849]: 31.
Spyridia ericoides (Hering) Kützing, 1847a: 37.—Kützing, 1849: 668.— Kützing, 1862: 16, pl. 52: figs. a–c.— G. Martens, 1868: 82–83.— Stephenson, 1944: 300, 352.— Stephenson, 1947: 308.
* Bindera insignis J. Agardh, 1841: 37 (syntype localities: "in mari Indiae orientalis'').
Spyridia insignis (J. Agardh) J. Agardh, 1851 [1851–1863]: 344–345.—Harvey, 1857a: no. 44.— J. Agardh, 1876: 272.— G. Murray, 1887: 25.— Barton, 1893: 141.— Schmitz, 1895a: 140.— Schmitz, 1895b: 28.— Schmitz & Hauptfleisch, 1897i: 500.— De Toni, 1903: 1434.— Delf & Michell, 1921: 116.— Børgesen, 1933b: 126–127.— Børgesen, 1937b: 341–342.— Durairatnam, 1961a: 68, pl. XVII: figs. 1, 2.— E. Lewis & Gonzalves, 1962a: 301, tables 1–3.— S. Dixit, 1966: 18.— Isaac, 1967: 81.— E. Lewis, 1967: 304, 305.— V. Krishnamurthy & H. Joshi, 1970: 24.— Lawson, 1980: 61.— Untawale, Dhargalkar, & Agadi, 1983: [35].— Sobha & Nair, 1985: 23.— P. Subba Rao et al., 1985: 34.— B. Subramanian, 1985a: 72, 78–79.— Nair et al., 1986: 738.— Sobha, Devi, & Nair, 1988: 35.— Kamat et al., 1991: 56.— Sofiamma et al., 1991: tables I–IV.— Kamat et al., 1992: table I.— Maya & Nair, 1992: 32.— Sobha, Surendran, & Nair, 1992: 77.— Nair et al., 1993: 185, 186.
Ceramium aculeatum C. Agardh ex Decaisne, 1841: 179 (type locality: Nuweiba, Egypt).
Spyridia aculeata (C. Agardh ex Decaisne) Kützing, 1843b: 377.—G. Martens, 1868: 82–83.— Hauck, 1888 [1886–1889]: 87.— Barton, 1903a: 481.— Durairatnam, 1961a: 67–68.— Sacco, 1965: 551.— V. Krishnamurthy & H. Joshi, 1970: 24.— Sartoni, 1975: 298.— Jaasund, 1976: 109, figs. 223A,B.— Sartoni, 1976: 135.— Untawale, Dhargalkar, & Agadi, 1983: [35].— Mageswaran, V. Balakrishnan, & Balasubramaniam, 1985: tables 1–5.— Jagtap, 1987: table 1.— Bandara et al., 1988: 217.
* Spyridia tetracantha Kützing, 1862: 16, pl. 52: figs. d, e (type locality: "Caput bonae spei'').
INDIAN OCEAN DISTRIBUTION: India, Kenya, Laccadive Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Tanzania.
Note: The synonymy was proposed by Papenfuss (1968b: 281–282).