Polycavernosa ramulosa Chang & B. Xia, 1963: 122, 125, pl. I: fig. 13; pl. II: fig. 7 (type locality: Jiaotou, Ya District, Hainan Island, Guangdong Province, China).
Gracilaria bangmeiana Zhang & Abbott in Abbott, Zhang, & B. Xia, 1991: 23.—Lewmanomont, 1994: 136, figs. 1, 2.
INDIAN OCEAN DISTRIBUTION: Thailand.
Note: In transferring Polycavernosa ramulosa to Gracilaria, Zhang & Abbott (l.c.) were faced with the prior existence of Gracilaria ramulosa (Martius) Greville (in Saint-Hilaire, 1833: 448) (Sphaerococcus ramulosus Martius, 1828 [1828–1834]: 7, pl. III: fig. II; syntype localities: "ad Soteropolin, Sebastianopolin'' [Salvador and Rio de Janeiro], Brazil), which was referred to G. cervicornis (Turner) J. Agardh by J. Agardh (1853 [1851–1863]: 604). The name G. ramulosa was later given to a different species by J. Agardh (1876: 417; type locality: King George Sound, Western Australia). This species is treated as a possible taxonomic synonym of G. cliftonii Withell, Millar, & Kraft on page 159 of this catalogue.