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`Fred Hrusa's CROSSWALK`

This is an extract from the nomenclatural crosswalk compiled by Fred Hrusa. The crosswalk is a database that accounts for the application of names of California plants. For the most part, The Jepson Manual of 1993 is the source of accepted names. The crosswalk is Hrusa's attempt to determine the Jepson name for names occurring in previous literature. In this extract, the "accepted name" forms the first line of each paragraph, with synonyms and misapplications indented beneath it. The abbreviation pointed to by the arrow is the source of the application of the name. Expansions of the abbreviation can be found at the bottom of the page. Notes about the publication of a name, and sometimes other comments, can be found between curly brackets following the name. Links are provided for names that are represented in the Jepson Interchange.

Comments tied to a name can be e-mailed in by clicking on a left-pointing arrow.

For general comments, Fred Hrusa can be contacted by e-mail: FHrusa @ cdfa.ca.gov
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Looking for generic name Carduus as accepted name or synonym

Carduus acanthoides L.: Carduus acanthoides L.--->source: Jeps IPNI
Carduus nutans L.: Carduus leiophyllus Petrovic--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus nutans L. subsp. leiophyllus (Petrovic) Stojanov & Stef.--->source: UNK; Carduus nutans L. subsp. nutans--->source: UNK; Carduus nutans L. var. leiophyllus (Petrovic) Arenes--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus nutans L.--->source: Mnz IPNI
Carduus pycnocephalus L.: Carduus pycnocephalus L.--->source: Mnz IPNI
Carduus tenuiflorus Curtis: Carduus neglectus auct. non Tenore--->source: Abr4 IPNI; Carduus tenuiflorus W. Curtis--->source: Mnz IPNI
Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.: Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. var. horridum Wimm. & Grab.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Fl. Siles. 3: 82. 1829 (sine type)} IPNI; Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop. var. mite Wimm. & Grab.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Fl. Siles. 3: 82. 1829 (sine type)} IPNI; Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus arvensis (L.) Robs.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Brit. Fl. 163. 1777} IPNI; Carduus arvensis (L.) Robson--->source: UNK IPNI; Cnicus arvensis (L.) Hoffm.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Deutschl. Fl. ed. 2. 2: 130. 1804} IPNI; Serratula arvensis L.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Sp. Pl. 820. 1753} IPNI; Breea dioica Less.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Syn. Gen. Comp. 10. 1832} IPNI; Serratula setosa Willd.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Sp. Pl. 3: 1645. 1803} IPNI; Cirsium setosum (Willd.) Bieb.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Fl. Taur. Cauc. 3: 560. 1819} IPNI; Carduus setosus (Willd.) Bab.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Gard. Chron. 718: 1844} IPNI; Cnicus setosus (Willd.) Bess.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Prim. Fl. Galic. 2: 172. 1809} IPNI
Cirsium canovirens Rydb.: Cirsium canovirens Rydb.--->source: Jeps IPNI; Carduus nevadensis auct. non Greene, non Willk.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: not Cirsium nevadense Willk.} IPNI; Cirsium utahense auct. non Petrak--->source: Mnz IPNI
Cirsium ciliolatum (L.F. Hend.) J.T. Howell: Cirsium botrys Petr.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 483. 1917} IPNI; Cirsium ciliolatum (Henderson) J.T. Howell--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus ciliolatus (Henderson) Heller--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Muhlenbergia 1: 5. 1900} IPNI; Cirsium howellii Petr.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 486. 1917} IPNI; Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng. var. ciliolatum Henderson--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Bull. Torr. Bot. Club 27: 348. 1900} IPNI
Cirsium crassicaule (Greene) Jeps.: Cirsium crassicaule (Greene) Jeps.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus crassicaulis Greene--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 357. 1893} IPNI
Cirsium cymosum (Greene) J.T. Howell: Cirsium cymosum (Greene) J.T. Howell--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus cymosus Greene in Greene--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Fl. Fran.480. 1897} IPNI; Cirsium triacanthum Petr.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 481. 1917} IPNI
Cirsium fontinale (Greene) Jeps. var. fontinale: Carduus fontinalis (Greene) Greene p.p.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 363. 1893} IPNI; Cnicus fontinalis Greene p.p.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Bull. Calif. Acad. 2: 151. 1886} IPNI
Cirsium hydrophilum (Greene) Jeps. var. hydrophilum: Carduus hydrophilus Greene p.p.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 358. 1893} IPNI; Cirsium vaseyi (Gray) Jeps. var. hydrophilum (Greene) Jeps. in Jeps.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. 1165. 1925} IPNI
Cirsium mohavense (Greene) Petr.: Cirsium mohavense (Greene) Petrak--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus mohavensis Greene--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 361. 1893} IPNI
Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. californicum (A. Gray) D.J. Keil & C. Turner: Carduus bernardinus Greene--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 361. 1893} IPNI; Cirsium californicum Gray--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium californicum Gray subsp. californicum--->source: UNK IPNI; Cirsium californicum Gray var. bernardinum (Greene) Petrak--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium californicum Gray var. pseudoreglense Petr.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 479. 1917} IPNI; Carduus californicus (Gray) Greene--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus lilacinus (Greene) Greene--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cnicus lilacinus Greene--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Bull. Calif. Acad. 2: 404. 1887} IPNI; Carduus neglectus Greene--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. californicum (A. Gray) D.J. Keil & C. Turner--->source: Jeps IPNI
Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. candidissimum (Greene) J.F. Macbr.: Cirsium candidissimum Davids. & Mox. in Davids. & Mox., non Dammer--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Fl. S. Calif. 438. 1923. Not Dammer, 1898} IPNI; Carduus candidissimus Greene--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 359. 1893} IPNI; Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. candidissimum (Greene) J.F. Macbr.--->source: Jeps IPNI; Carduus occidentalis Nutt. var. candidissimus (Greene) Hall--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium pastoris J.T. Howell--->source: Mnz IPNI
Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. occidentale: Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. coulteri (Harv. & Gray) Jeps. in Jeps.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. 1167. 1925} IPNI; Carduus occidentalis Nutt.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc. II. 7: 418. 1841} IPNI
Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. venustum (Greene) Jeps.: Cirsium coulteri Harv. & Gray var. venustum (Greene) Jeps.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium coulteri auct. non Harv. & Gray--->source: Abr4 IPNI; Cirsium occidentale (Nutt.) Jeps. var. venustum (Greene) Jeps.--->source: Jeps IPNI; Cirsium proteanum Howell--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 14. 1959} IPNI; Carduus venustus Greene--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 359. 1893. Not Cirsium venustum Porta, 1909} IPNI
Cirsium remotifolium (Hook.) DC.: Cirsium acanthodontum Blake--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Contr. Gray Herb. No. 53: 28. 1918} IPNI; Cirsium amblylepis Petr.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 312. 1917} IPNI; Cirsium americanum auct non (Gray) Daniels--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus americanus auct. non (Gray) Greene--->source: PNW IPNI; Cirsium americanus Gray var. callilepis (Greene) Jeps. in Jeps.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. 1164. 1925} IPNI; Cnicus americanus auct. non (Gray) Gray--->source: PNW IPNI; Carduus callilepis Greene--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Proc. Acad. Phila. 1892: 358. 1893} IPNI; Cirsium callilepis (Greene) Jeps.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium callilepis (Greene) Jeps. var. pseudocarlinoides (Petr.) Howell--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Leafl. W. Bot. 9: 10. 1959} IPNI; Cnicus carlinoides AUTH? var. americanus auct. non Gray--->source: PNW IPNI; Cirsium centaureae auct. non (Rydb.) K. Schum.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium mendocinum Petrak--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 339. 1917} IPNI; Cirsium remotifolium (Hook.) DC. subsp. odontolepis Petr.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium remotifolium (Hook.) DC. subsp. pseudocarlinoides Petr.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium remotifolium (Hook.) DC. var. rivulare Jeps. in Jeps.--->source: UNK {pub. info.: Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. 1164. 1925} IPNI; Cirsium remotifolium (Hook.) DC.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus remotifolius Hook.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Fl. Bor. Amer. 1: 302. 1833} IPNI; Cnicus remotifolius (Hook.) Gray--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Proc. Am. Acad. 10: 47. 1874} IPNI; Cirsium stenolepidum Nutt.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Trans. Amer. Phila. Soc. II. 419. 1841} IPNI
Cirsium rhothophilum S.F. Blake: Cirsium maritimum (Elmer) Petrak, non Makino--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 288. 1917. not Makino, 1910} IPNI; Carduus maritimus Elmer--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Bot. Gaz. 39: 45. 1905} IPNI; Cirsium rhothophilum Blake--->source: Mnz IPNI
Cirsium scariosum Nutt.: Carduus acaulescens auct. non (Gray) Rydb.--->source: GHI IPNI; Cirsium acaulescens auct. non (Gray) K. Schum. in Just--->source: GHI IPNI; Cirsium coloradense (Rydb.) Cockerell var. acaulescens auct. non (Gray) Petrak--->source: GHI IPNI; Carduus drummondii (T. & G.) Cov. var. acaulescens auct., non (Gray) Cov.--->source: GHI IPNI; Carduus drummondii auct. non (T. & G.) Cov.--->source: GHI IPNI; Cirsium drummondii T. & G.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Cirsium drummondii T. & G. subsp. lanatum Petr.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 35: 354. 1917} IPNI; Cirsium drummondii T. & G. var. acaulescens auct. non (Gray) Macbr.--->source: GHI IPNI; Cnicus drummondii (T. & G.) Gray var. acaulescens auct., non Gray--->source: GHI IPNI; Cirsium foliosum auct. non (Hook.) DC.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus foliosus auct. non Hook.--->source: Abr4 IPNI; Cirsium scariosum Nutt.--->source: Jeps IPNI; Cirsium tioganum (Congd.) Petrak--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus tioganus (Congd.) Heller--->source: GHI {pub. info.: Muhlenbergia 1: 147. 1906.} IPNI; Cnicus tioganus Congd.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Erythea 7: 186. 1900} IPNI
Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng.: Cirsium undulatum (Nutt.) Spreng.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus undulatus Nutt.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus undulatus Nutt.--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Gen. 2: 130. 1818} IPNI; Cnicus undulatus (Nutt.) A. Gray--->source: Abr4 IPNI; Cnicus undulatus (Nutt.) A. Gray var. megacephalus Gray--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Proc. Amer. Acad. 10: 42. 1874} IPNI
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.: Cirsium lanceolatum (L.) Scop., non Hill--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Fl. Carn. ed. 2. 2: 130. 1772. Not Hill, Herb. Brit. 1: 80 1769} IPNI; Carduus lanceolatus L.--->source: Abr4 IPNI; Carduus lanceolatus L.--->source: Abr4 {pub. info.: Sp. Pl. 821. 1753} IPNI; Cnicus lanceolatus (L.) Willd.--->source: PNW {pub. info.: Prodr. Fl. Berol. 259. 1787} IPNI; Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus vulgaris Savi--->source: Mnz {pub. info.: Syll. Fl. Neap. Appendix 5. 39. 1842} IPNI; Carduus vulgaris Savi--->source: UNK IPNI
Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.: Carduus marianum L.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.--->source: Mnz IPNI; Carduus marianus L.--->source: Abr4 IPNI

These are the sources of the application of a name, not the place of publication of a name.
Abr4: L. Abrams, 1960 Ill. Fl. Pacific States. V. IV
GHI: Gray Herbarium Index, Online. Harvard University Herbaria. No longer available as this.
Jeps: Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California. 1993 Hickman ed.
Mnz: P.A. Munz & D.D. Keck 1959. A California Flora
PNW: Vasc. Pl Pac. NW unspecified volume. C.L. Hitchc., Cronquist & Ownbey
UNK: unrecorded source