TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Perennial, white-woolly, dioecious (or pistillate heads with few staminate flowers), rhizomed
Stem generally erect (cespitose), leafy
Leaves basal, alternate, linear to lanceolate, entire, not reduced upward
Inflorescence: heads discoid or disciform, small, many in terminal panicles, staminate and pistillate heads similar; involucre hemispheric; phyllaries many, free, overlapping in several unequal series; receptacles naked
Disk flowers functionally staminate; corolla narrowly tubular, yellowish; anther bases tailed, tips ± ovate; style branches wider at tip, truncate, ovary vestigial, pappus of fine bristles
Pistillate flowers: corolla slender, ± yellow, lobes minute
Fruit cylindric or obconic; pappus of many fine, minutely barbed bristles
Species in genus: 60100 species: North America, Asia
Etymology: (Greek: name of some everlasting)