TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
previous taxon |
next taxon
Jepson Interchange (more information) |
|
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual
Stems erect, openly branched above
Leaves: basal entire or toothed; cauline alternate, pinnately lobed
Inflorescence: heads disciform; involucre cylindric to ovoid; phyllaries in several overlapping series, oblong-lanceolate, acute; receptacle chaffy
Flowers 315; outer sterile, inner 12 fertile; corolla purple, tube slender, gradually wider, lobes linear; anther bases short-tailed, tips narrowly triangular; style with minutely hairy cylindric node and papillate terminal segment, branches short, triangular
Fruit cylindric or ± compressed; base puberulent, soft-hairy upward; pappus (on fertile fruit only) of small scales and stiff bristles
Species in genus: 2 species: Eur
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name)
Introduced |
Stems generally 26 dm, leafy up to branches
Leaves: basal sessile or petioled, oblong to obovate, scabrous, generally 0 at flower; cauline sessile, 13.5 cm, lobes linear, minutely toothed
Inflorescence: peduncles 13 cm; involucre 820 mm
Flowers 35; corollas ± 14 mm
Fruit generally 1 per head, 34 mm, barrel-shaped, attached at base; pappus scales < 1 mm, bristles 57 mm, blackish brown
Chromosomes: 2n=30
Ecology: Grassy places
Elevation: ± 250 m.
Bioregional distribution: s North Coast Ranges (Sonoma Co.), Modoc Plateau
Distribution outside California: native to s Europe
Weedy.